340 



SCIEJS'CE. 



[Vol. VIII., No. 193 



of salt and alum, there to lie until its false body 

 should be ready. 



The backbone of this false body (fig. 1) con- 

 sisted of a broad two-inch plank, the upper edge 

 of which was carefully cut into an exact copy of 

 that dorsal outline which is so characteristic of the 

 African elephant. To this the legs were attached 

 by heavy angle-irons, the iron that formed the 

 axis of the leg running through a hole in the free 

 arm of the L. The legs themselves were formed 

 of excelsior solidly wound around roughly hewn 

 wooden bones. 



The accuracy of the work was proved by frequent 

 reference to the measures taken from the dead ani- 



measurements, the vacancies existing between 

 the upper parts of the legs and adjacent portions 

 of the body were carefully filled out (fig. 2). Like 

 Mother Rigby's Feathertop, the elephant at this 

 stage stood forth a creature of wood and tow, 

 only waiting for the final metamorphosis which 

 should fill the blank wooden orbits with twinkling 

 eyes, and endow the entire framework with the 

 semblance of life. The thick, stiff skin was now 

 removed from the bath, and carefully thinned 

 down until it had lost half its substance, and be- 

 come — for an elephant — soft and pliable. 



As a careful tailor tries on a partially completed 

 coat to assure himself that the finished garment 



Blocks of uniform depth. 



Clean sand bottoming. 

 Concrete foundations. 

 Suto-grade earth. 



Grade line. 

 Paving-blocks as laid. 



Sand and gravel bottoming. 



6-in. concrete foundation. 



Sub-grade earth. 





Fig. 1. — Pavement as contracted for. 





Y/,ioy/"/a 



. 8x6^ 





Pig. 2. —Pavement as laid. 



mal, due allowance being made for the fact that the 

 finished piece would be somewhat larger than its 

 supporting franiework. The broad overhanging 

 pelvis was next added ; and then the skull, with 

 its massive jaw, was built on, the more salient 

 portions being carved with care from the plaster 

 model, while those buried deeply in the flesh 

 were more roughly copied. 



The long ribs of the original were represented 

 by bands of iron wrapped in tow, fastened above 

 to the plank backbone, and below to a second 

 plank shaped to the outline of the under side. A 

 neck of laths, covered with excelsior, joined the 

 head to the body. Wooden shoulder-blades were 

 now put in place, the tail and trunk added, and 

 then, following the diagrams and accompanying 



will be a success, so the skin of Mungo was hung 

 upon the manikin (fig. 3). The trial proving 

 satisfactory, the skin was poisoned with arsenical 

 soap, and all was ready for the last act. The skin 

 having been replaced and secured along the back, 

 first one side, then the other, was covered with a 

 thin coating of clay mixed with chopped tow, and 

 the body section sewed up. One by one the legs, 

 trunk, and tail were similarly treated, the skin 

 being covered each night with wet cloths to pre- 

 serve it moist and flexible throughout. The 

 sewing having been finished, the wrinkles indicated 

 in the skin were followed over with a pointed 

 modelling-tool, thus impressing them deeply in 

 the moist clay, while the deepest wrinkles or thick 

 folds of the trunk, elbows, and flanks, were 



