200 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4ru Ser. 
usually is lighter in coloration than B. holsti; and the dark, 
markings, especially on the head and limbs, are less well-defined. 
In both species the dorso-lateral folds may be more or less 
broken up. B. subaspera may be very little (but is always) 
more warty than some specimens of B. holsti, or it may be so 
warty as to look almost like a toad. The tympanum sometimes 
is nearly hidden. — 
The bony spurs do not become firm enough for use until 
the frog is of considerable size. It was an adult of this species 
which astonished the collector by clasping his finger between 
its hands and driving the sharp spurs, one on each side, clear 
down to the bone. When the spurs are not in use they are 
completely covered by the skin. 
Two had eaten fresh-water crabs, and one a land snail. 
This frog was found only on Amami O shima. About five 
hundred meters west of the middle of the harbor, and at an al- 
titude of about one hundred and fifty meters, there are a couple 
of paddy-fields. The water supply flows from springs that are 
very cold and come from many deep crevices. In these, B. 
subaspera holds forth at night with a prolonged, very loud, 
three-toned croak. Tadpoles were found in the paddy-fields 
along with Diemuctylus. 
Polypedates schlegelii Gunther 
This tree-frog was first described, in 1858, from Japanese 
specimens. ‘Two years later Hallowell described his Polype- 
dates viridis from a specimen taken on Loo Choo Island, (Oki- 
nawa). In 1907, Stejneger described specimens from Ishigak1 
shima under the name of Polypedates owstoni, and in 1908 
Boulenger named the Formosan form Rhacophorus mol- 
trechtit. All these tree-frogs, which may be spoken of as the 
Polypedates schlegelii group, are very closely related. 
The following remarks are based upon two specimens from 
Japan proper, fifteen from Amami O shima, forty-six from 
Okinawa, one-hundred and thirteen from Ishigaki, and nine 
from Formosa. 
It may be said at once, that there appear to be no constant 
structural differences between any of these members of the P. 
schlegelii group. The two Japanese specimens have no outer 
