4l8 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. [Proc. 3D Ser. 



the proximal third of the ovisac was completed, and the egg- 

 laying process began. No eggs, however, were deposited 

 in the proximal third, the eggs being deposited in the remain- 

 der of the sac as it was completed. The whole process 

 occupied about five or six days. 



The first young appeared in about twenty days and in two 

 or three days more all had hatched. The mother insect 

 usually lives for several days after the young are hatched. 

 In one case she survived for ten days after all young were 

 hatched. The larger number of females come to maturity 

 in April and the first part of May; but there are stragglers 

 until late in June and even a few in July. However, the 

 great bulk of the young appear about the middle of May. 



5. Distribution. — I found the first specimens of this 

 species in December, 1899, ^^ ^ small, isolated, cultivated 

 redwood tree (Sequoia sempervrrens) on the grounds at 

 Cedro Cottage Place, one mile west of Stanford University. 

 Later, I found them on a well protected redwood tree in the 

 Stanford Arboretum. A few scattering specimens were 

 found on other redwood trees in the arboretum, but they 

 were most abundant on the single tree mentioned. 



March i, 1900, I found the young quite abundant on a 

 clump of young redwoods at Woodside, about six miles 

 west of the University, near the foot-hills. A curious fact 

 with reference to these last mentioned individuals is that 

 they nearly all developed into males, the proportion being 

 about ten males to one female. On the tree in the arboretum 

 exactly the reverse of this is true. 



I have since found this scale all through the Sierra Morena 

 Mountains, extending to the coast, and for a distance of 

 from ten to sixty miles from Stanford University, wherever 

 there are redwood trees. They do not seem to be abundant 

 in any locality. 



6. Parasites. — I have found the larva of a ladybird, 

 species as yet undetermined, eating the young and using 

 the waxy filaments of the egg-sac for its own cocoon. I 

 have also bred from the body of the female scale a Chalcid 

 fly, of which the species has not yet been determined. 



