SCUDDEK ON TEETIAKY INSECTS. 541 



iiervules in the wings, excepting, perhaps, at the base. The antennai are 

 probably not very long (they are not comi)letely preserved in the speci- 

 men), taper very gradually in size, are composed of joints only a little 

 longer than broad, not in the least degree moniliform, and furnished with 

 recumbent hairs. The wings are not so elongate nor so slender as in Fan- 

 orpa, very regularly rounded, both pairs similarly formed, the hinder pair 

 slightly shorter than the front pair, as in Fanorpa. The costa is thick- 

 ened, the subcosta extends beyond the middle of the wing, but does not 

 reach the pterostigma ; the radius emits a superior fork near the base of 

 the wing, which strikes the pterostigma ; or rather, which, by bending 

 downward and then upward, forms the pterostigma in the middle of 

 the apical third of the wing; the radius again forks in a similar manner 

 still far before the middle of the wing, the upper branch emitting three 

 parallel, equidistant, inferior branchlets, the uppermost close to the mar- 

 gin next the pterostigma, the lowest striking the apex of the wing ; the 

 lower radial branch forks below the middle branchlet of the upper radial 

 branch. All these veins, excepting the pterostigmatic termination of the 

 uppermost branch of the radial, are straight. The cubitus is also straight, 

 until it forks a little before the middle of the wing ,• its upper branch is 

 a little curved, and divides just below the forking of the lowest radial 

 branch ; its lower branch forks almost immediately, emitting at once 

 three veinlets, the middle one of which is nearly continuous with the 

 main stem, the others curving in opposite senses on either side of it. 

 Below this the veins are not so readily determinablCj and their description 

 is omitted for the present ; the only variation in the neuration of the two 

 wings consists in the middle fork of the lower branch of the cubitus, 

 which, in the hind wing, is not contiuuous with the main stem, but 

 originates a very little beyond the others from the lower fork. The legs 

 are spinous throughout ; the tibiee are also armed at tip with very long, 

 straight, parallel spurs, and the tarsal joints with short spurs. The 

 abdomen is greatly elongated, the first four joints subequal and nearly 

 as broad as the slender thorax, but as a whole tapering slightly, and not 

 greatly surpassed by the wings ; the following joints greatly attenuated, 

 the ninth, or terminal joint, composing the forceps, unfortunately lost. 



Several fossil species have been referred to Fanorpa, but with one 

 exception they agree very closely with living types. The exception is the 

 insect figured by Brodie* from the Purbeck beds of England {Fanorpa 

 gracilis Gieb.), which is very small, and possibly may be more nearly 

 related to Holcorpa; for while the general arrangement of the veins, 

 with the notable exception of the cubital, is similar to what is found in 

 Holcorpa, and very different from their disposition in Fanorpa, no cross- 

 veins whatever can be traced. The figure, however, is too small, coarsely 

 executed, and is described by Giebelt as supplied abundantly with 

 cross- veins ! It certainly is not in my copy. 



*Foss. Ins. Sec. Rocks Engl., pi. 5, fig. 18. 

 t Ins. der Vorw. 258. 



