548 



BULLETIN UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SUEVEY. 



by Alpine forms, straDgers to lower altitudes at the same latitude, by 

 exclusively arboreal forms, and by abrupt disappearance of the prairie 

 types mentioned in the preceding paragraph. The marks of the region, 

 as compared with the prairie, are unmistakable. We here find Lagomys. 

 princeps (down to 4,500 feet), Tamias lateralis, Bciurus hudsonius var., 

 Hfeotoma cinerea, Arctomys Jlaviventris, among mammals ; large game 

 was scarce, — a few deer (C. virginianus), a bear or two, and an alleged 

 Aploceros montanus. There were no live Buffalo, but plenty of skulls 

 and skeletons far into the mountains. Among notable birds may be 

 mentioned Cinclus mexicanus, Dendroeca auduhoni, Geothlypis macgilUv- 

 rayi, Ampelis garj'ulus, doubtless breeding !, Perisoreus canadensis, Empi- 

 donax hammondi, JE. obscurus, Selasphorus rufiis, Picus harrisi, Asyndes- 

 mus torguatus, the two Alpine Grouse, Tetrao frariklini and T. richardsoni 

 (together with Pedioecetes, which i:>ervades all three regions), Bucephala 

 islandica (breeding), and Histrionicus torquafus (breeding). 



Some of the more conspicuous birds of the three regions, or of any 

 one of them, may be tabulated in the following form. The implication 

 in each case is simply my own observations, not the known general 

 range of the species. All the species in this table, doubtless even Ampe- 

 lis garrulus, were on their breeding- grounds, excepting a very few 

 migrants seen early in June at Pembina. 



Turdus niigratorius 



Tardus fuscescena- - 



Cinclus mexicanus 



Sialia arctica 



Eremophila leucolaeuia 



Neocorye spraguii 



Mniotilta varia 



Helminthophaga celata. ■. 



Dendroeca auduboni 



Dendrceca pennsylvaiiica 



Dendroeca striata 



Dendroeca maculosa 



Geothlypis Philadelphia 



Geothlypis macgillivrayi 



Setophaga ruticilla 



Ampelis garrulus 



Vireo philadelphicus 



Plectrophanes ornatus 



Plectrophanes maccowni 



Centronyx bairdi 



Coturniculna lecontii 



Junco hy emails 



Zonotrichia qnerula 



Melospiza melodia 



CaJamospiza bicolor . ; 



Pipilo erythrophthalmus 



Pipilo arcticus 



Icterus spurius 



Icterus baltimorii 



Scolecophagus feringineus . . . 

 Sooleoophagus oyanocephalus 



Quiscalus purpiireus 



Pica hudsonica 



Cy anurus cristatus 



Perisoreus canadensis 



Tyrannus carolinensis 



Tyrannus verticalis 



Sayoruis sayus 



Contopus virens 



Empidonax trailii 



Empidonas minimus 



Empidonax hammondi 



Empidonax obscurus 



Antrostomus Yociferus ...... 



Trochilus colubris 



Selasphorus rufus 



Coccygns erythrophthalmus - 



Picus villosus 



Picus harrisi 



Melanerpes erythrocephalus 



Asyndesmus torquatus 



Cc laptes auratus 



Colaptes " hy bridus " 



Speotyto hypogsea 



Falco polyagrus 



Buteo swainsoni 



Tetrao franklini 



Tetrao richardsoni 



Centrocercus urophasianus. . 



Pedioecetes columbianus 



Eudromias montanus 



Recurvirostra americana - . . . 



Steganopus wilsoni 



Fuligula vallisneria 



Bucephala islandica 



nistrionicus torquatus 



1-2 



The list herewith is restricted to the birds actually observed and 

 generally shot. 



