CHARACTERS OF ELAPHURUS AXD OTHER CERVID^. 207 



f. Muzzle short, not swollen: rliinarium large and normal; 



preorbilal and tarsal glands absent, etc CccpreuJina. 



f . Muzzle very long and much swollen ; rliinarium reduced 



to a small triangular patch between the anterior ends of 



the nostrils; preorbital and tarsal glands present, etc. ... Alcince. 



a'. Distal ends of lateral metacarpals lost, their proximal ends 



usuallj' retained, rarel)^ vestigial or absent (Plesiometacarpalia). 



ff. Naviculo-cuboid and external and median cuneiform bones of 



the tarsus fused into a single bone. Large upper canine tusks 



present in males ; antlers supported on a long hairy pedicel... Iluntiacinm . 



g' . Naviculo-cuboid and cuneiform bones separated. Upper 



canines small or absent ; antlers supported on a short pedicel. Cervince. 



Many of the subfamilies mentioned above — namely, Rangi- 

 ferinae, Hydropotinae, Capreolinfe, and Alcinae- — are monotypical. 



The Pudii>£e contains the two genera Pudu and Fudella, the 

 latter differing from the former in the loss of the preorbital 

 gland and the lacrymal pits, and in having the first lower incisor 

 much larger than the second. 



To the Odocoileinse I refer, in addition to the typical genus, 

 Mazmna, Hippocamehts , and Blastocerus, although the inguinal 

 position of the prepuce and the structure of the feet are un- 

 known in these three. If one or more of them prove to have 

 the prepuce abdominal, I should separate such forms as a distinct 

 subfamily on that character alone. 



The Muntiacinas* contain three genera — Muntiacus (^=Cer- 

 vulus), Procops t, nov., and Elaphodus. The type of the new genus 

 Procops is Cervzdus fece, Thomas & Doria, which is genericalh^ 

 separated from Muntiacus by the absence of the frontal glands, 

 a character in which it resembles Elaphodus. 



The Cervinse, containing most of the Old World deer, are a 

 highly diversified group, composed of the following well-defined 

 genera: — Dama, Axis {-{-Hyelaphics), Cervus, and Elaphtirus. 

 But Cerviis itself is subdivisible into several minor groups — Rusa, 

 Sika, Rucervu'i, and CervAis itself — which in the future will 

 probably take full generic rank. 



* Established by Garrod under the name Cervulinae (P. Z. S. 1876, p. 757), based on 

 Cervulus, which is antedated by Muntiacus now in general use. 

 f From Prox, a generic name applied by Ogilbj' to the Muntjacs. 



