348 , DR. C. F. SONNTAG ON THE ANATOMY, 



The palmaris longus is absent in both arms in this specimen. 

 Traill (49) only noted it in one of the arms in his example. 

 Many authors describe it as being similar to that in Man. 



The joro?ia^or r«^ti ieres has both humeral and coronoid heads 

 of origin, and the median nerve dips between them. The head 

 from the internal condjde of the humerus is fused with the origin 

 of the flexor carpi radialis, and the coronoid head is fused with 

 the deep aspect of the flexor sublimis digitorum. It is inserted 

 into the middle third of the outer border of the shaft of the 

 radius, and a few fibres at the upper extremity are inserted into 

 the inner aspect of the supinator brevis. The upper part of the 

 insertion is tendinous, but the remainder is muscular. Through- 

 out its whole length it is fused with, fibres of the flexor carpi 

 radialis. jSTo fibres arose from the dorso-epitrochlearis, but a few 

 spring from the extreme distal end of the internal intermuscular 

 septum. Macalister (33) alone states that there is no coronoid 

 head of origin. 



The flexor carpi radialis has an extremely long origin by a 

 thick muscular belly, which is intimately fused with the pronator 

 radii teres and flexor sublimis digitorum. In the second fourth 

 of the forearm it has no bony attachment, but many fibres run 

 downwards from the pronator teres and flexor sublimis to its 

 tendon. Below that it is attached by muscle fibres to the radius 

 on the inner aspect of the insertion of the pronator teres, and 

 fibres pass downwards from it to the flexor sublimis. The tendon 

 receives muscle fibres on its deep aspect till it reaches the annular 

 ligament. It passes through a tube in the ligainent and is in- 

 serted into the palmar aspect of the bases of the second and third 

 metacarpal bones. It has a well-marked synovial sheath fused 

 with the anterior annular ligament. 



The flexor carpi ulnaris arises b)'- a narrow head from the 

 internal condyle, by an expanded head fi'om both internal condyle 

 and olecranon, and by fascia from the upper fourth of the shaft 

 of the ulna. It is inserted into the pisiform bone. It is rela- 

 tively larger than in Man, and the pisiform is very large. 



The flexor sublimis digitorum appears to differ considerably. 

 In my specimen it has a very extensive origin from the humerus, 

 ulna, and radius ; and fibres spring from those of the other fiexor 

 muscles. The humeral head, arising from the internal condyle 

 of the humerus, fuses with the flexor carpi radialis, and receives 

 a few fibres from tlie flexor carpi ulnaris. It is prolonged almost 

 entirely into the tendons for the ring and little fingers, the 

 tendon for these digits separating ofi" in the middle of the fore- 

 arm. The coronoid head is fusiform and quickly ends in a tendon 

 which forms the slip to the index finger. The second finger gets 

 its tendon from a muscle which arises from the lower two-thirds 

 of the shaft of the radius and from the flexor carpi radialis. 

 Hepburn (24) states that the tendons to the third and fourth 

 digits come from the radial part of the muscle, while those for 

 the second and fifth come from the ulnar part ; and the tendon 



