PHYSIOLOGY, AND PATHOLOGY OF THE CHIMPANZEE. 375 



The root of the mesentery of the small intestine runs from the 

 left side of the body of the first lumbar vertebra to the right 

 iliac fossa. In the large intestine there is no mesentery to the 

 caecum, ascending, descending and pelvic colons. The appendix 

 has a mesentery, but no other part has such a long mesentery as 

 the iliac colon. In the rectum the peritoneum is disposed as in 

 Man, being first surrounded by it, and then the peritoneum 

 gradually leaves it till the lower part and the anal canal are quite 

 devoid of a serous investment. 



The Salivary Glands. 



Many labial salivary glands are present. 



Th.Q parotid gland (text-fig. 26) is pyramidal in shape, with the 

 base upwards, immediately below the concha auris. The apex 

 curves round the angle of the mandible and toviches the sub- 

 maxillary gland. The upper part is composed of small lobules, 

 but the lower part is coarse. The capsule is well marked, but no 

 lymphatic glands are included within it. Stensen's duct emerges 

 from the upper part of the gland and its course and relations are 

 as in Man. The relations of the gland to the large vessels and 

 nerves are also as in Man. 



The submaxillary gland (text-figs. 30 & 31) is flat and 

 triangvilar and measures one and a half inches in diameter. It is 

 partly under the horizontal ramus of the mandible and partly on 

 the interramal muscles. No strong capsule exists. It is com- 

 posed of superficial and deep pai-ts, each of which is coarsely 

 lobulated. The duct emerges from the deep surface, runs as in 

 Man, and opens on a frenal lamella beneath the tongue. 



The sublingual gland (text-figs. 31 and 32) is pyramidal with the 

 apex antei^ior. Its relations and the course of its duct are as 

 in Man. 



Brief accounts of the glands have been given by Tyson (50) 

 and Gratiolet (22). 



The Pamcreas. 



Bischoflf (60), Oavanna (61), Flower (20), Gratiolet (22), and 

 Tyson (50) have given details of the pancreas. In my specimen 

 it is flat, thin, dark in colour and coarsely lobulated. It has the 

 usual head, body and tail, and it crosses the first lumbar vertebra. 

 An additional process runs up along the portal vein for a short 

 distance ; and the pancreatic arteries, which are branches of the 

 splenic, are accompanied by sympathetic nerves. The duct unites 

 with the common bile-duct. 



The Liver. 



The liver much resembles that in Man. The umbilical fissure 

 is much bridged over, and the fissure of the vena cava is also 

 enclosed. Indications of lateral fissures exist. Near the umbilical 

 region of the right lobe there is a small lobule directed ventrally. 



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