384 DR. C. F. SONNTAG ON THE ANATOBIY, 



combined linguo-facial artery (L.F.T) is given off at the point 

 where the external carotid changes its direction. After an 

 upward and forward course of half an inch it divides into 

 lingual and external maxillary arteries. 



The lingual artery runs horizantally and disappears under 

 cover of the hyo-glossus muscle after giving off a large branch to 

 the submaxillary gland. It then courses between the hyo-glossus 

 and middle constrictor of the pharynx ; and in this situation it 

 gives off supra-hyoid and muscular arteries. Emerging from 

 under the anterior border of the hyo-glossus, it passes forwards 

 and dips downwards between the stylo-glossus and sublingual 

 gland laterally and the genio-glossus mesially. It sinks into 

 the latter, and can be traced to a communication with its neigh- 

 bour below the apex of the tongue. 



The external Tnaxillary artery (text-fig. 41, E.M.A) runs first 

 forwards and upwards on the upper surface of the submaxillary 

 gland, then between the gland and the mandible. At the 

 anterior border of the masseter it crosses on to the outer surface 

 of the mandible and gets into the face (text-fig. 26). There it 

 runs in a curved, but not convoluted, course to the angle of the 

 mouth, where it becomes more vertical ; and it ends in the levator 

 anguli oris. It is concealed by the platysma and zygomatic mass, 

 and it lies on the surface of quadratus labii superioris and 

 buccinator. It gives off several branches to the outer surface of 

 the submaxillary gland (S.M.G). In the face (text-fig. 26) it 

 gives off masseteric (M.A.S), inferior labial (I.L.A), inferior 

 coronary (I.O.A), and superior labial (S.L.A) vessels, whose dis- 

 tributions are shown in the figure. The submaxillary branches 

 send vessels to the mylohyoid. 



The transverse facial artery (text-fig. 28) runs forwards between 

 the parotid and masseter, supplying both, and then along the 

 zygoma. 



The internal Tnaxillary artery (text-fig. 29 A) has the same 

 course as in Man, but it lies on the surface of the external ptery- 

 goid. It gives off the following branches : — 



A. In the Pterygoid Region : — 



1. Numerous pterj^goid branches to the muscles, especially to 

 the insertion of the external pterygoid. 



2. Inferior dental artery (I.D.A) which runs as in Man along 

 with the inferior dental nerve. 



3. Meningeal arteiy (M.A) which passes deep to the external 

 pterygoid, and divides into middle and accessory arteries, which 

 enter the skull as in Man. 



4. Buccal artery (B.A) accompanying the long buccal nerve. 



5. Fine arteries to the suctorial pad of fat (S.P.F). 



6. Posterior superior dental (P.S.D) to the gums round the 

 molar teeth. 



7. Two large, deep temporal arteries (D.T.A) which run up in 

 the substance of the temporal muscle and anastomose freely. 



