PHYSIOLOGY, AND PATHOLOGY OF THE CHIMPANZEE. 401 



ligament at a higher level than the uterus. The histology has 

 been described by Giacomini (66), Duval (67), and Sperino (47). 

 Ligaments connect it to the utero-tubal junction, and to the 

 tube below and behind the fimbriae. The ovarian fimbria is well 

 marked. Sperino describes triangular ovaria. The primordial 

 ova are innumerable, and are similar to those in the human 

 species. And Graafian follicles can be seen in various stages of 

 development according to Sperino. 



Fallopian Tubes: — Both are 6'5cm. long when drawn straight. 

 They hardly increase in calibre from their uterine to their 

 ovarian ends. The fimbriae form a dense cluster, the ovarian 

 fimbria is well marked, and uterine and abdominal orifices are 

 plain ; but one cannot easily pass a bi'istle through the tube. 

 Each tube curves over the anterior border and upper pole of the 

 corresponding ovary. The hydatid (text-fig. 44, H.M) is well 

 marked on the right side. The epoophoron and paroophoron are 

 present. 



Uterus (text-fig. 44) : — The viterus is isolated from the bladder 

 and rectum by peritoneal fossse, and its summit lies 1'5 cm. above 

 the floor of each. There is no marked fundus, the body is 

 triangular and the cervix is fusiform. The body is 1"5 cm. long, 

 and its base is 1'5 cm. across. The cervix is 1'2 cm. long, and 

 1*1 cm. across at its widest part. It has very infantile propor- 

 tions. The round ligaments are large and run directly upwards 

 and forwards from the utero-tubal junction. The interior of the 

 body of the uterus is smooth between the tubes, but lower down 

 it has an upward continuation of the median dorsal crest and 

 transverse ridges which occupy the cervix. The musculature in 

 the upper part of the uterus is thinner than in the lower part of 

 the body and the cervix. The external os uteri is oval, with 

 nodulated continuous lips. Both lips are of equal length. This 

 account diflfers in several respects from the accounts of Sperino 

 (47), and others. Gratiolet (22) described a bicornl^ate uterus. 



The vagina is 5 cm. long, and expands from above downwards. 

 Anterior and posterior fornices are both present, but the latter is 

 much the larger. In its upper part there is a median dorsal 

 cushion, and the mucosa has transverse folds. Below that it has 

 longitudinal folds. In its lower part it has fine longitudinal 

 striae and several pockets (text-fig. 44). The urethra opens on 

 its anterior wall about the middle. 



The uterine artery (U.A) supplies the vagina, uterus, tubes, 

 ovaries, epoophoron, etc. It anastomoses with the very small 

 ovarian artery. Its complexity is shown in text-fig. 44. 



The external ge^iet^ative organs (Plate I. B) are built on the same 

 plan as, but dififer from those of the human female. The mons 

 veneris (M.Y) is slight, and has a few hairs. The labia majora 

 (L.M) are represented by slight elevations of skin over thick- 

 enings of the subcutaneous fat. The labia minora (L.Mi) are 

 large and folded, and divide to surround the large clitoris (CL) 

 the latter having two crura covered by well-developed ischio- 

 cavernosi muscles. A small fourchette exists, but there is no 



