OF THE SCAPULA IN THE BATRACHIA. 209 



cartilage ; superficial articulation and fovea acetabulum strongly 

 marked. 



Example. 



Length of prsecoracoid (greatest) 10 vmits. 



„ scapula (upper border) 10*7 ,, 



„ (lower „ ) 12-2 „ 



,, ,, shaft 7-9 „ 



Breadth of „ (distal end) 7-9 „ 



,, „ (middle) 3-6 ,, 



,, jxirs acroinialis 4*3 ,, 



,, pars glevoidalis 2'15 ,, 



Length of supra-sea pula 12-8 ,, 



In the following species the scapula is like that of B. vul- 

 garis : — B. ho'.matitictis Cope, B. calamita Laur., B. viridis Lnuv., 

 B. intermedius Gthr., B. leiitiginosus Shaw, B. marinus L., B. 

 crticifer Wied. 



In B. latifrons Blgr., B. tuherosus Gthr., B. melanostictus 

 Schn., B. claviger Ptrs., B. quadripnrcatus Blgr., B. typhoniiis L., 

 and B. valliceps Wiegm., the scapula is a little longer than the 

 praecoracoid , but of the same form as that of B. vulgaris. 



In B, granulosus Spix tlie scapula is a little shorter than the 

 prpecoracoid. 



There is remarkably little variation in this genus, in some 

 s-pecies the 2^ft,7-s glenoidalis is somewhat shorter than in others, 

 and there is slight variation in the length of the shaft. 



E.vample to shoiv Range of Variation in Bufo. 



J3. graiitilosus. B. melanostictus. 



Length of prfecoracoid 10 units. 10 units. 



,, scapula (lower border) . 7*7 ., 14"2 ,, 



„ „ shaft 6-2 ,, 10 „ 



Breadth of „ (distal end) ... 6-2 „ 7-1 „ 



„ „ (middle) 3*3 „ 3 „ 



,, pars acromialis 4"6 ,, 3 ,, 



,, pars qlenoidalis 3'3 ,, 3 ,, 



Length of supra-scapula 10-4 „ 14'3 ,, 



B. melanosticliLS has been chosen as an example of the more 

 developed type of scapula, as, being a common Malayan form, it 

 forms an interesting comparison with B. granulosus from 

 E. South America. 



The equal development of the pars acromialis and ^;rtrs 

 glenoidalis in length, together with the fa,ct that the latter is 

 always widely separated from the coracoid by cartilage, dis- 

 tinguishes the scapula of Bufo from nearly all other genera of the 

 Arcifei-a, (see text-fig. 1). 



RniNOPHRyNus D. &, B. 



B. dorsalis D, & B. — Scapula as in Bufo. 



