OP THE TONGUES OF THE MAMMALIA. 309 



(texb-fig. 31 B) present a uniformity of tj-pes, as shown in tiiese 

 figures, in all species. 



Sumviary of the Genus Macacus. 



1. Tlie vallate papillae are arranged in the triangular, V-type, 



or double-pair formation, and all forms may appear in any 

 species if sufficient examples of each are studied, as shown 

 in the introduction to this paper, and in the description of 

 Macacus rhesus. 



2. The pharyngeal part of the tongue is relatively larger in 



the genus Alacacus than in the genus Cercopithecus. 



3. The glandular orifices are, in most cases, like pin-holes. 



They are largest in Macacus speciosus. 



4. The vallate papillae may have recesses at their anterior and 



posterior poles, and in no other genus of the Cercopithecidae 

 did I see these. 



5. The frenal lamella is more frequently bifid than entire. 



Genus Oerocebus. 



White- COLLARED Mangabey (C. ajthiopicus). 

 Habitat : West Africa. 



Meastcrements. — Total length 4'8 cm. ; length of the oral part 

 3'6 cm. ; length of the pharyngeal part 1'2 cm. ; width between the 

 lingual attachments of the pa,lato-glossal folds 2 cm. ; thickness 

 in the vallate area "95 cm. 



The apex is rounded, has a delicate median notch, and is 

 roughened by closely-set conical and fungiform papillae, and the 

 fungiform papillae on the lateral borders are prominent and close 

 together. These lateral papillae are followed by a row of larger 

 oval bodies which compose the lateral organs. 



A fine mesial sulcus runs along the dorsum. 



The Circumvallate Papillce. 



Three large white circular vallate papillae are arranged in the 

 form of an acute-angled isosceles triangle, with the apex posterior. 

 They ofier a marked contrast to the yellow dorsum. 



All the papillae are smooth, polished and glistening, the fossae 

 are well marked, and the Valiums appear as clear flat zones. 



The Fungiform Papillce. 



The fungiform papillae are absent from the centre of the oral 

 part of the dorsum ; on the sides they are an-anged in clusters 

 and rows in the visual manner. 



All are heniispherical, smooth and polished, and there is no 

 overlapping by conical papillae. 



The fungiform area is bounded posteriorly by a V-shaped row 

 of papillae running backwards and inwards from the anterior 

 exti-emities of the lateral organs to the middle of the vallate area. 



