74 REPORT OF THE SECRETARY. 



hig so much transcribing, interpolation, and calculation, can be free from errors, but 

 it is hoped that these are not so numerous as to seriously detract from the use of the 

 book." 



No. 1039. Virginia Cartography: A Bibliographical Description, by P. Lee Phil- 

 lips. (Part of Vol. XXXVII, Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections.) Octavo 

 pamphlet of 85 pages. 



Mr. Phillips's -work is a bibliographical description of all kuown maps of Virginia 

 since the year 1585. Special mention is made of the John With, or John White, map 

 of 1585, the Capt. John SniiLi. ... j of 1608, and the map made by Augustine Herman 

 in 1670, now exceedingly rare. These three maps were copied by nearly all map 

 makers up to 1751, when the Fry and Jefferson map appeared. The list comprises in 

 all about 300 maps. 



No. 1071. Air and Life, l)y Henry De Varigny, of the Paris Museum of Natural 

 History. (Part of Vol. XXXIX of Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections.) Octavo 

 pamphlet of 69 pages. 



Dr. Varigny's essay was awarded the Hodgkius prize of $1,000 for the best popular 

 essay on atmospheric air. In order to give this work, as also those of Mr. Russell 

 and Dr. Cohen, as wide a circulation as possible they have been printed both in the 

 Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections and in the Annual Report, separate editions 

 from the report being also issued in pamphlet form. Dr. Varigny in a popular 

 manner discusses air from the physical and from the chemical point of view, and after 

 explaining the biological role of the chemical constituents of the air concludes 

 with a chapter on the biological role of air physically considered. 



No. 1072. The Atmosphere in Relation to Human Life and Health, by Francis 

 Albert Rollo Russell, vice-president of the Royal Meteorological Society. (Part of 

 Vol. XXXIX of Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections.) Octavo pamphlet of 148 

 pages. 



This essay by Mr. Russell which was awarded a silver medal in the Hodgkins prize 

 competition, is a discussion of the principal functions of the various elements and 

 substances of which the atmosphere is composed, with special reference to their 

 infliience upon human life and Avelfare. It also discusses the influence of climate 

 upon national health and shows in what manner the spreading of infectious or 

 epidemic diseases in the animal world and in mankind depends, in a very great degree, 

 upon aerial influences. In conclusion the author indicates lines of research in the 

 study of atmospheric air that may be beneficial to mankind. 



No. 1073. The Air of Towns, by Dr. J. B. Cohen, of Yorkshire College, Leeds, Eng- 

 land. (Part of Vol. XXXIX of Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections.) Octavo 

 pamphlet of 41 pages, with 2 text figures and 21 full-page illustrations. 



Dr. Cohen's paper was also entered in the Hodgkins prize competition, and was 

 granted honorable mention by the committee of award and recommended for publi- 

 cation by the Institution. The author treats the subject in the form of four lectures 

 on "Close rooms," "Smoke," "Town fog," and "The germs of the air." In the 

 discussion of the several topics Dr. Cohen indicates the many impurities in the air 

 of cities, especially where there is much smoke from factory chimneys, and suggests 

 various remedies for exterminating the impurities or for alleviating the danger 

 therefrom. The paper is accompanied bj' a number of illustrations of atmospheric 

 microbes and of apparatus used in his investigation of the atmosphere of cities. 



No. 1075. The Constants of Nature, Part V. A Recalculation of the Atomic 

 Weights, by Frank Wigglesworth Clarke, chief chemist of the United States Geo- 

 logical Survey. New edition, revised and enlarged. (Part of Vol. XXXVIII, 

 Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections.) Octavo pamphlet of vi, 370 pages. 



"This work is one of a sejies devoted to the discussion and more precise determi- 

 nation of various 'constants of nature,' and forms the fifth contribution to that 

 subject published by this Institution. 



"The first number of the series, embracing tables of 'Specific gravities' and of 

 'Melting and boiling points of bodies,' prepared by the same author. Prof. F. W. 

 Clarke, was published in 1873. The fourth part of the series, comprising a com- 



