550 THE UNITY OF THE HUMAN SPECIES. 



those of Mexico/ and if one exchanges the hatchets or the knives of 

 flint from Europe with simihir objects from America it is difficult for 

 even experts to separate them, however well versed they may be in 

 petrography and prehistoric archaeology,^ and it will be extremely 

 difficult to distinguish the races to which they belong,^ Vogt says'* 

 this resemblance is so evident that one can easily confound the imple- 

 ments coming from entirely different sources. L' Anthropologic has 

 just i)ublished a description of stone instruments recently discovered 

 by P. Zumoffen in Phenicia. We can cite the same facts for Egypt, 

 and even in countries of classical antiquity we may find a prehistoric 

 period marked by i)roductions analogous to our own regions. 



What we have just said for the duration of the Paleolithic epoch can 

 be repeated for the Neolithic and in the aurora of modern times. 

 Everywhere chipj^ed stone implements gave place to those of polished 

 stone. The hardest rocks — jasper, jade, jadeite, nephrite, chlororae- 

 lanite — from deposits in unknown regions, were polished by persevering 

 labor and became ornaments of ceremony and parade. 



It will be easy to persevere and find these comparisons. Pottery 

 from widely separated regions is made in the same form and by the 

 same processes of fabrication, and even with the same ornamentation. 

 The spindle whorls in stone, bone, and pottery, found in settlements 

 succeeding each other on the hill of Hissarlik, recall those of the Swiss 

 lake dwellings. Those of Peru, Mexico, and even those in present use 

 among the Navajoes, are the same as tliose preserved in our museums, 

 whether they come from Italy, Germany, the south of France, or the 

 north of Scandinavia.^ 



The bow and the sling belonging to the Paleolithic period have been 

 found in all the countries then occupied. Their origin is unknown; 

 they date from the beginnings of humanity; their invention was the 

 first conquest of man, and they clearly mark his superiority over the 

 animal; they affirm the victory of intelligence over brute force. The 

 picks of deer horn were utilized in the mines of France and England, 

 of Spain and Belgium, the same as for the working of copper in Lake 

 Superior, jasper in Indiana, and petroleum in Ohio. A stone hammer 

 found at the foot of the Asturias is the same as those coming from the 

 most ancient American mines.'' 



In the Grrecian Archipelago, as lU the regions known in America by 

 the name of the Far West, they placed their beams and posts of wood 

 in the walls in order to avoid the dangerous effects of earthquakes. 

 The houses of the Pueblos of New Mexico and Colorado recall, by their 



1 Tyler, Anahuac, pages 98, 101. 

 2 Sir W. Dawsou, Fossil Man, page 121. 

 "Tylor, Early History of Mankind. 



^Congres des Naturalistes Allemauds, Innsbruck, 1869. 

 '^Wilson, Swastika, 1896, pages 96 et seq. 



^American Antiquarian, May, 1889, Proceedings American Philosophical Society, 

 No. 149, page 396. Simonin, La vie souterraiue. 



