﻿394 
  EEPORT 
  UNITED 
  STATES 
  GEOLOGICAL 
  SURVEY. 
  

  

  lie 
  huge 
  masses 
  of 
  granite 
  mountains, 
  bulky 
  and 
  more 
  rounded 
  than 
  

   otherwise 
  in 
  their 
  forms, 
  and 
  although 
  they 
  are 
  connected 
  with 
  the 
  Main 
  

   Eange, 
  yet 
  the 
  fact 
  of 
  their 
  extending 
  out 
  from 
  the 
  regular 
  order 
  of 
  

   mountains 
  more 
  than 
  usual 
  in 
  that 
  region 
  makes 
  them 
  appear 
  detached 
  

   from 
  the 
  mountain 
  chain. 
  This 
  massive 
  mountain 
  mass 
  crowds 
  its 
  

   spurs 
  more 
  forward 
  into 
  the 
  Frazier 
  River 
  district, 
  as 
  well 
  as 
  north 
  in 
  the 
  

   direction 
  of 
  the 
  junction 
  of 
  the 
  East 
  and 
  North 
  Forks 
  of 
  the 
  Grand, 
  than 
  

   any 
  other 
  mountain 
  mass 
  in 
  that 
  particular 
  region. 
  A 
  western 
  exten- 
  

   sion 
  of 
  spurs 
  from 
  that 
  mass 
  descends 
  down 
  into 
  Frazier 
  River 
  Basin 
  a 
  

   few 
  miles 
  below 
  its 
  natural 
  center, 
  and, 
  though 
  getting 
  lower 
  aud 
  still 
  

   lower, 
  runs 
  even 
  across 
  the 
  basin, 
  forming, 
  at 
  last, 
  a 
  flat, 
  broad 
  swell, 
  

   showing 
  at 
  its 
  lowest 
  portions 
  an 
  altitude 
  still 
  200 
  to 
  250 
  feet 
  above 
  Fra- 
  

   zier 
  River. 
  This 
  outrunner 
  of 
  a 
  granite 
  mass 
  has 
  separated 
  Frazier 
  

   River 
  Basin 
  into 
  a 
  lower 
  and 
  upper 
  district, 
  and 
  has 
  compelled 
  the 
  

   united 
  drainage 
  of 
  the 
  upper 
  basin 
  to 
  force 
  a 
  passage 
  through 
  this 
  granite 
  

   structure 
  and 
  cause 
  a 
  canon 
  with 
  sides 
  600 
  feet 
  high.* 
  

  

  The 
  creeks 
  and 
  streams 
  of 
  the 
  Upper 
  Frazier 
  River 
  Basin, 
  of 
  which 
  

   the 
  principal 
  names 
  are, 
  Moses, 
  Yasquez, 
  Hay, 
  and 
  Ranch 
  Creeks, 
  be- 
  

   sides 
  several 
  tributaries 
  that 
  issue 
  into 
  Vasquez 
  and 
  Moses 
  Greeks, 
  out 
  

   of 
  rugged 
  canons 
  from 
  the 
  main 
  range, 
  come 
  from 
  three 
  sides 
  down 
  

   from 
  the 
  mountains 
  to 
  concentrate 
  at 
  a 
  point, 
  longitude 
  105° 
  50' 
  and 
  

   latitude 
  40°, 
  which 
  is 
  almost 
  immediately 
  before 
  the 
  mouth 
  of 
  the 
  canon. 
  

   The 
  caiiou 
  is 
  impassable, 
  and 
  very 
  likely 
  will 
  remain 
  so 
  for 
  a 
  while, 
  for 
  

   we 
  have 
  not 
  been 
  able 
  to 
  proceed 
  further 
  than 
  1^ 
  miles 
  in 
  exploring 
  it. 
  

   Below 
  the 
  canon, 
  Frazier 
  River 
  meanders 
  for 
  nearly 
  5 
  miles 
  in 
  a 
  level, 
  

   terraced 
  country, 
  with 
  its 
  level 
  district 
  principally 
  to 
  the 
  right, 
  admit- 
  

   ting 
  only 
  one 
  more 
  stream 
  of 
  note, 
  " 
  Camp 
  Creek," 
  into 
  its 
  channel 
  

   before 
  entering 
  Grand 
  River. 
  

  

  CAMP 
  CREEK 
  

  

  has 
  a 
  length 
  of 
  about 
  10 
  miles, 
  and 
  originates 
  among 
  a 
  cluster 
  of 
  small 
  

   hills 
  between 
  Frazier 
  Caiion 
  and 
  Yasquez 
  Ridge, 
  formiug 
  a 
  small 
  sub- 
  

   basin 
  by 
  itself, 
  which 
  character 
  is 
  particularly 
  strongly 
  expressed 
  in 
  its^ 
  

   middle 
  and 
  lower 
  portions, 
  near 
  its 
  intersection 
  with 
  Frazier 
  River. 
  

  

  For 
  8 
  miles 
  below 
  Frazier 
  River 
  junction 
  the 
  Grand 
  River 
  receives 
  no 
  

   side 
  streams 
  of 
  any 
  consequence, 
  save 
  such 
  little 
  mountain-brooks 
  as 
  

   rise 
  on 
  the 
  slopes 
  of 
  hills 
  3 
  or 
  4 
  miles 
  to 
  the 
  right 
  or 
  left 
  of 
  the 
  river. 
  

   The 
  Grand 
  River 
  leaves 
  the 
  open 
  country 
  below 
  Fraaier 
  junction 
  for 
  a 
  dis- 
  

   tance 
  of 
  9 
  miles 
  down 
  to 
  the 
  end 
  of 
  the 
  caiion 
  below 
  the 
  Hot 
  Sulphur 
  

   Springs. 
  From 
  Frazier 
  junction 
  to 
  the 
  Hot 
  Sulphur 
  Springs, 
  a 
  straight 
  

   distance 
  of 
  5f 
  miles, 
  the 
  river 
  flows 
  pretty 
  nearly 
  all 
  the 
  way 
  in 
  a 
  valley 
  

   with 
  surroundings 
  of 
  peculiar 
  geological 
  interest.! 
  A 
  group 
  of 
  hills, 
  with 
  a 
  

   diameter 
  of 
  4 
  miles 
  east 
  and 
  west, 
  and 
  with 
  a 
  walling 
  of 
  a 
  very 
  hard 
  rock 
  | 
  

   on 
  their 
  western 
  and 
  eastern 
  faces, 
  and 
  a 
  softer 
  material 
  in 
  the 
  interior 
  

   of 
  that 
  group, 
  produced 
  the 
  existence 
  of 
  two 
  rocky 
  gates 
  through 
  which 
  

   the 
  river 
  passes, 
  one 
  at 
  the 
  entrance 
  of 
  this 
  rocky 
  inclosure 
  and 
  the 
  other 
  

   4 
  miles 
  down 
  the 
  river, 
  at 
  the 
  point 
  where 
  the 
  river 
  leaves 
  that 
  group 
  

   of 
  hills 
  with 
  its 
  rocky 
  walls. 
  Inside 
  the 
  two 
  gaps 
  the 
  river 
  has 
  molded 
  

   in 
  the 
  softer 
  material 
  with 
  greater 
  freedom 
  here 
  and 
  there 
  pretty 
  valley- 
  

   bottoms. 
  Sometimes, 
  however, 
  the 
  continuity 
  of 
  these 
  pretty 
  valley- 
  

  

  * 
  Frazier 
  River 
  did 
  not 
  break 
  or 
  wash 
  out 
  this 
  caiiou 
  where 
  the 
  depression 
  of 
  the 
  

   granite 
  swell 
  or 
  upheaval 
  that 
  runs 
  across 
  the 
  basin 
  is 
  lowest, 
  but 
  a 
  mile 
  and 
  a 
  half 
  

   to 
  the 
  east 
  of 
  it. 
  

  

  tSee 
  Archibald 
  Marvin's 
  Geological 
  Report, 
  1873, 
  pp. 
  166, 
  167. 
  

  

  { 
  Doleritic 
  breccia 
  (see 
  Archibald 
  Marvin's 
  R-^port, 
  1873). 
  

  

  