﻿allen:] 
  former 
  range 
  east 
  of 
  the 
  MISSISSIPPI. 
  499 
  

  

  sils, 
  but 
  without 
  specifying 
  by 
  what 
  tribes 
  or 
  at 
  what 
  localities. 
  Among 
  

   the 
  tribes 
  mentioned 
  are 
  those 
  that 
  lived 
  north 
  of 
  the 
  Tennessee 
  River, 
  

   and 
  hence 
  where 
  the 
  buffalo 
  was 
  at 
  that 
  time 
  abundant. 
  In 
  an 
  account 
  

   of 
  one 
  of 
  his 
  journeys 
  he 
  mentions 
  the 
  killing 
  of 
  bufialoes 
  somewhere, 
  

   apparently, 
  in 
  the 
  mountains 
  of 
  Northern 
  Georgia, 
  in 
  1749, 
  and 
  this 
  is 
  the 
  

   only 
  allusion 
  in 
  his 
  work 
  that 
  bears 
  directly 
  upon 
  the 
  range 
  of 
  the 
  buf- 
  

   falo. 
  He 
  states 
  also, 
  however, 
  that 
  " 
  the 
  buffaloes 
  Ave 
  now 
  become 
  scarce, 
  

   as 
  the 
  thoughtless 
  and 
  wasteful 
  Indian 
  used 
  to 
  kill 
  great 
  numbers 
  of 
  

   them, 
  only 
  for 
  the 
  tongues 
  and 
  marrow-bones, 
  leaving 
  the 
  rest 
  of 
  the 
  

   carcase 
  to 
  the 
  wild 
  beasts." 
  Elk, 
  deer, 
  bears, 
  and 
  turkeys, 
  however, 
  

   are 
  frequently 
  mentioned 
  as 
  affording 
  a 
  supply 
  of 
  food 
  to 
  the 
  southern 
  

   tribes 
  of 
  Indians, 
  but 
  in 
  these 
  statements 
  he 
  never 
  alludes 
  to 
  the 
  

   buffalo. 
  

  

  Gallatin 
  * 
  gives 
  the 
  Tennessee 
  River 
  as 
  their 
  southern 
  limit. 
  On 
  an 
  

   old 
  map,t 
  published 
  originally 
  in 
  1718, 
  and 
  reproduced 
  in 
  fac 
  simile 
  in 
  

   French's 
  " 
  Historical 
  Collections 
  of 
  Louisiana 
  (Vol. 
  II), 
  the 
  region 
  be- 
  

   tween 
  the 
  Cumberland 
  and 
  Ohio 
  Rivers 
  is 
  marked 
  as 
  follows 
  : 
  " 
  Desert 
  

   de 
  six 
  vint 
  lieues 
  detendue 
  ou 
  les 
  lUnoisfont 
  la 
  Chasse 
  des 
  hmiifs.^^ 
  They 
  

   are 
  well 
  known 
  to 
  have 
  been 
  formerly 
  abundant 
  in 
  the 
  region 
  about 
  

   Nashville. 
  

  

  THE 
  EXTENT 
  OF 
  THE 
  REGION 
  EAST 
  OF 
  THE 
  MISSISSIPPI 
  FORMERLY 
  IN- 
  

   HABITED 
  BY 
  THE 
  BUFFALO, 
  WITH 
  A 
  HISTORY 
  OF 
  ITS 
  EXTIRPATION 
  

   THEREFROM. 
  

  

  The 
  accounts 
  of 
  the 
  first 
  exploration 
  of 
  the 
  region 
  between 
  the 
  Alle- 
  

   ghany 
  Mountains 
  and 
  the 
  Mississippi 
  River 
  show 
  that 
  the 
  buffalo, 
  early 
  

   in 
  the 
  seventeenth 
  century, 
  existed 
  in 
  vast 
  herds 
  not 
  only 
  on 
  the 
  prai- 
  

   ries 
  bordering 
  the 
  Mississippi, 
  but 
  throughout 
  nearly 
  the 
  whole 
  of 
  the 
  

   more 
  open 
  portions 
  of 
  the 
  area 
  drained 
  by 
  the 
  Ohio 
  River 
  and 
  its 
  tribu- 
  

   taries. 
  Its 
  range 
  eastward 
  extended 
  nearly 
  or 
  quite 
  to 
  the 
  eastern 
  end 
  

   of 
  Lake 
  Erie, 
  and 
  throughout 
  the 
  valleys 
  among 
  the 
  mountains 
  of 
  West- 
  

   ern 
  Pennsylvania, 
  West 
  Virginia, 
  Eastern 
  Kentucky, 
  and 
  Eastern 
  Ten- 
  

   nessee. 
  It 
  also 
  inhabited 
  the 
  region 
  drained 
  by 
  the 
  Illinois 
  River, 
  and 
  

   by 
  some 
  of 
  the 
  lesser 
  upper 
  eastern 
  tributaries 
  of 
  the 
  Mississippi. 
  The 
  

   country 
  between 
  the 
  Ohio 
  and 
  the 
  Great 
  Lakes 
  was 
  quite 
  generally 
  

   occupied 
  by 
  them, 
  as 
  was 
  that 
  south 
  of 
  the 
  Ohio, 
  between 
  this 
  river 
  

   and 
  the 
  Tennessee. 
  There 
  is 
  less 
  certainty 
  in 
  regard 
  to 
  their 
  former 
  

   occupation 
  of 
  Southern 
  Michigan 
  and 
  Wisconsin, 
  though 
  it 
  is 
  probable 
  

   that 
  they 
  also 
  at 
  times 
  roamed 
  over 
  most 
  of 
  this 
  region 
  also, 
  notwith- 
  

   standing 
  the 
  fact 
  that 
  they 
  were 
  not 
  found 
  there 
  by 
  the 
  first 
  Europeans 
  

   who 
  visited 
  this 
  section 
  of 
  the 
  country. 
  Considerable 
  documentary 
  

   evidence 
  relating 
  to 
  their 
  former 
  presence 
  over 
  the 
  region 
  between 
  the 
  

   Mississippi 
  and 
  the 
  Alleghanies, 
  together 
  with 
  many 
  references 
  to 
  their 
  

   extermination 
  there, 
  has 
  been 
  brought 
  together 
  in 
  the 
  following 
  pages, 
  

   and 
  is 
  presented 
  generally 
  in 
  the 
  words 
  of 
  the 
  original 
  narrators. 
  Be- 
  

   ginning 
  with 
  the 
  northwestern 
  portion 
  of 
  the 
  region 
  in 
  question, 
  we 
  

   shall 
  pass 
  thence 
  southward 
  and 
  eastward, 
  giving 
  the 
  facts 
  bearing 
  upon 
  

   particular 
  localities 
  somewhat 
  in 
  a 
  chronological 
  order. 
  

  

  On 
  the 
  eastern 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  Mississippi 
  River 
  buffaloes 
  were 
  found 
  by 
  

   the 
  early 
  Jesuit 
  explorers 
  occupying 
  the 
  country 
  from 
  the 
  sources 
  of 
  

  

  * 
  "Colonies 
  of 
  the 
  buffaloes 
  had 
  traversed 
  the 
  Mississippi, 
  and 
  were 
  at 
  one 
  time 
  

   abundant 
  in 
  the 
  forest 
  country 
  between 
  the 
  lakes 
  and 
  the 
  Tennessee 
  River, 
  south 
  of 
  

   ■which 
  I 
  do 
  not 
  believe 
  they 
  were 
  ever 
  seen." 
  — 
  Trans. 
  Am. 
  Ethnological 
  Soc, 
  Vol. 
  II, 
  p. 
  1. 
  

  

  t 
  Carte 
  de 
  la 
  Louisiane 
  et 
  du 
  Conrs 
  du 
  Mississippi. 
  Dress6e 
  sur 
  un 
  grand 
  uombre 
  de 
  

   Menioires 
  entrautres 
  ceus 
  sur 
  de 
  Mr. 
  le 
  Maire 
  par 
  Guillaume 
  De 
  l'Isle 
  de 
  I'Academie 
  

   E'le 
  des 
  Sciences. 
  

  

  