﻿ALLEN.] 
  EANGE 
  WESTWARD 
  SOUTH 
  OF 
  39TH 
  PARALLEL. 
  517 
  

  

  Domingo. 
  A 
  Mexican 
  from 
  San 
  Juan 
  cle 
  Caballeros 
  added 
  that 
  in 
  1835 
  

   he 
  saw 
  buffalo 
  on 
  the 
  Eio 
  del 
  Norte." 
  Lieutenant 
  Whipple 
  further 
  says 
  

   that 
  ''Father 
  Escalante, 
  in 
  a 
  manuscript 
  journal 
  of 
  a 
  trip 
  from 
  New 
  

   Mexico 
  to 
  the 
  Great 
  Salt 
  Lake,* 
  in 
  1776, 
  mentioned 
  having 
  seen 
  signs 
  

   of 
  their 
  existence 
  on 
  his 
  roui;e 
  ;t 
  still, 
  notwithstanding 
  the 
  location 
  of 
  

   the 
  famous 
  kingdom 
  of 
  Cibola 
  by 
  the 
  early 
  explorers, 
  there 
  do 
  not 
  seem 
  

   to 
  be 
  any 
  well-authenticated 
  accounts 
  of 
  the 
  existence 
  of 
  these 
  animals 
  

   west 
  of 
  the 
  Eio 
  Grande." 
  | 
  It 
  appears, 
  however, 
  that 
  two 
  centuries 
  ago 
  

   these 
  animals 
  were 
  not 
  unknown 
  to 
  the 
  Indians 
  of 
  the 
  Gila 
  and 
  Zuni 
  

   Elvers, 
  who 
  obtained 
  their 
  skins 
  from 
  the 
  tribes 
  living 
  several 
  hundred 
  

   miles 
  to 
  the 
  eastward. 
  Thus 
  Friar 
  Marco 
  de 
  Ni§a, 
  in 
  1539, 
  found 
  "ox- 
  

   hides" 
  in 
  the 
  possession 
  of 
  the 
  Indians 
  living 
  on 
  the 
  tributaries 
  of 
  the 
  

   Gila, 
  which 
  they 
  had 
  obtained 
  by 
  trading 
  with 
  the 
  people 
  of 
  the 
  king- 
  

   dom 
  of 
  Cibola 
  ;§ 
  the 
  ancient 
  pueblo 
  of 
  Cibola 
  being 
  generally 
  supposed 
  

   to 
  be 
  near 
  the 
  site 
  of 
  the 
  present 
  pueblo 
  of 
  Zuni, 
  on 
  the 
  river 
  of 
  that 
  

   name. 
  1 
  1 
  The 
  people 
  of 
  Cibola 
  at 
  this 
  time 
  not 
  only 
  used 
  the 
  skins 
  as 
  

   articles 
  of 
  dress, 
  but 
  for 
  shields 
  and 
  other 
  purposes. 
  

  

  From 
  the 
  Yampah 
  and 
  Grand, 
  and 
  other 
  tributaries 
  of 
  the 
  Colorado, 
  

   the 
  buffalo 
  formerly 
  ranged 
  eastward 
  to 
  the 
  Parks 
  and 
  Great 
  Plains, 
  

   but 
  I 
  have 
  found 
  no 
  record 
  of 
  their 
  existence 
  in 
  the 
  highlands 
  of 
  New 
  

   Mexico, 
  or 
  anywhere 
  to 
  the 
  westward 
  or 
  southward 
  of 
  Santa 
  F6. 
  

   Coronado, 
  during 
  his 
  great 
  expedition 
  in 
  search 
  of 
  the 
  "Kingdom 
  of 
  

   Cibola" 
  (1540 
  to 
  1543), 
  in 
  marching 
  northward 
  from 
  the 
  western 
  

   provinces 
  of 
  Mexico 
  across 
  Arizona 
  to 
  the 
  plains 
  east 
  of 
  Santa 
  Fe, 
  met 
  

   with 
  no 
  buffaloes 
  till 
  he 
  reached 
  a 
  place 
  called 
  Cicuic, 
  situated 
  on 
  .the 
  

   Pecos 
  near 
  the 
  site 
  of 
  the 
  present 
  town 
  of 
  that 
  name,^ 
  "four 
  leagues 
  

   eastward 
  from 
  which 
  place 
  they 
  met 
  a 
  new 
  kind 
  of 
  oxen, 
  wild 
  and 
  fierce, 
  

   whereof, 
  the 
  first 
  day, 
  they 
  killed 
  fourscore, 
  which 
  sufficed 
  the 
  army 
  with 
  

   flesh." 
  

  

  Dr. 
  Elliott 
  Coues, 
  however, 
  in 
  his 
  paper 
  on 
  the 
  "Quadrupeds 
  of 
  Ari- 
  

   zona," 
  published 
  in 
  the 
  American 
  Naturalist 
  in 
  1868,** 
  states 
  that 
  " 
  there 
  

   is 
  abundant 
  evidence 
  that 
  the 
  buffalo 
  {Bos 
  amerlcanus) 
  formerly 
  ranged 
  

   over 
  Arizona, 
  though 
  none 
  exist 
  there 
  now." 
  On 
  requesting 
  recently 
  

   more 
  detailed 
  information 
  of 
  Dr. 
  Coues 
  respecting 
  this 
  evidence, 
  he 
  

   writes 
  it 
  that 
  he 
  finds 
  himself 
  now 
  unable 
  to 
  substantiate 
  the 
  statement, 
  

   but 
  adds, 
  " 
  I 
  distinctly 
  remember 
  being 
  satisfied 
  at 
  the 
  time 
  of 
  what 
  I 
  

   said." 
  I 
  have 
  myself 
  made 
  extensive 
  inquiries 
  of 
  naturalists 
  and 
  Army 
  

   officers 
  who 
  had 
  either 
  passed 
  through 
  Arizona 
  or 
  had 
  been 
  stationed 
  

   there 
  for 
  a 
  considerable 
  length 
  of 
  time 
  without 
  being 
  able 
  to 
  elicit 
  any 
  

   corroborative 
  evidence 
  of 
  Dr. 
  Coues's 
  statement.|t 
  

  

  * 
  Utah 
  Lake, 
  according 
  to 
  General 
  G. 
  K. 
  Warren 
  (see 
  the 
  next 
  footnote). 
  

  

  t 
  According 
  to 
  General 
  G. 
  K.Warren 
  (Pacific 
  R. 
  R. 
  Expl. 
  and 
  Surreys, 
  vol. 
  si, 
  p. 
  35), 
  

   "Father 
  Escalante, 
  in 
  1776, 
  travelled 
  from 
  near 
  Santa 
  F6, 
  NewMexic-o, 
  in 
  a 
  northwest- 
  

   erly 
  direction 
  to 
  the 
  Great 
  Colorado 
  Duringthisjourney 
  he 
  was 
  probably 
  

  

  in 
  'the 
  vicinity 
  of 
  Utah 
  Lake." 
  This 
  route 
  would 
  take 
  him 
  across 
  the 
  range 
  of 
  the 
  

   buffalo 
  west 
  of 
  the 
  Rocky 
  Mountains, 
  since, 
  as 
  already 
  stated, 
  they 
  at 
  that 
  time 
  existed 
  

   on 
  the 
  headwaters 
  of 
  the 
  Colorado, 
  and 
  extended 
  as 
  far 
  west 
  as 
  Utah 
  Lake. 
  

  

  X 
  Whipple's 
  Itinerary, 
  Pacific 
  R. 
  R. 
  Explorations 
  and 
  Surveys, 
  Vol. 
  II, 
  Part 
  I, 
  p. 
  35. 
  

  

  ^ 
  See 
  Niga's 
  account 
  of 
  his 
  journey 
  as 
  translated 
  by 
  Hakluyt.— 
  Safchtf/^'s 
  Voyages, 
  Vol. 
  

   Hi, 
  p. 
  439. 
  

  

  II 
  Davis's 
  Spanish 
  Conquest 
  of 
  New 
  Mexico, 
  pp. 
  119, 
  120, 
  footnote. 
  

  

  «!i 
  See 
  R. 
  H. 
  Kern'd 
  Map 
  of 
  Coronado's 
  route 
  in 
  Schoolcraft's 
  History, 
  Condition, 
  and 
  

   Prosnects 
  of 
  the 
  Indian 
  Tribes 
  of 
  the 
  Uuited 
  States, 
  PartlV, 
  plate 
  iii. 
  

  

  *^ 
  Vol. 
  Lp. 
  540. 
  

  

  it 
  Under 
  date 
  of 
  " 
  Washington, 
  D. 
  C, 
  May 
  5, 
  1875." 
  

  

  XX 
  Dr. 
  W. 
  J. 
  Hoffman, 
  under 
  date 
  of 
  "Reading, 
  Penn., 
  June 
  19, 
  1875," 
  writes 
  me 
  that 
  

   he 
  " 
  found 
  no 
  tradition 
  amongst 
  any 
  of 
  the 
  tribes 
  iu 
  Arizona, 
  by 
  which 
  we 
  might 
  infer 
  

   that 
  their 
  ancestors 
  were 
  acquainted 
  with 
  this 
  animal. 
  Toe 
  tribes 
  visited 
  are 
  located 
  

   in 
  the 
  northern 
  part 
  of 
  Arizona 
  (Plateau 
  del 
  Colorado), 
  in 
  the 
  Mogollon 
  Mts., 
  Sierra 
  

   Blanca, 
  and 
  along 
  the 
  Rio 
  Gila 
  and 
  as 
  far 
  eastward 
  as 
  the 
  Rio 
  Colorado-chiquito." 
  

  

  