﻿ALLEN] 
  GRADUAL 
  RESTRICTION 
  TO 
  PRESENT 
  LIMITS. 
  523 
  

  

  A.S 
  already 
  noticed, 
  Coronado 
  met 
  with 
  vast 
  herds 
  of 
  buffaloes 
  in 
  1542 
  

   on 
  the 
  plains 
  near 
  Cicuie, 
  on 
  the 
  upper 
  Pecos 
  Eiver. 
  From 
  Cicuic 
  Cor- 
  

   onado 
  marched 
  eastward 
  across 
  the 
  plains 
  of 
  Northern 
  Texas 
  to 
  about 
  

   the 
  one 
  hundredth 
  meridian, 
  and 
  thence 
  returned 
  again 
  to 
  Quivira,* 
  

   making 
  a 
  journey 
  of 
  " 
  three 
  hundred 
  leagues." 
  "All 
  that 
  way 
  & 
  plaines 
  

   are 
  as 
  full 
  of 
  crooke-backed 
  oxen, 
  as 
  the 
  mountalne 
  Serena 
  in 
  Spaine 
  is 
  

   of 
  sheepe."t 
  

  

  These 
  "crooke-backed 
  oxen" 
  Gomara 
  (as 
  translated 
  by 
  Hakluyt) 
  has 
  

   thus 
  described: 
  "These 
  Oxen 
  are 
  of 
  the 
  bignesse 
  and 
  colour 
  of 
  our 
  

   Bulles, 
  but 
  their 
  homes 
  are 
  not 
  so 
  great. 
  They 
  have 
  a 
  great 
  bunch 
  

   upon 
  their 
  fore 
  shoulders, 
  and 
  more 
  haire 
  on 
  their 
  fore 
  part 
  than 
  on 
  

   their 
  hinder 
  part 
  : 
  and 
  it 
  is 
  like 
  wool!. 
  They 
  have 
  as 
  it 
  were 
  an 
  horse- 
  

   mane 
  upon 
  their 
  backe 
  bone, 
  and 
  much 
  haire 
  and 
  very 
  long 
  from 
  the 
  

   knees 
  downeward. 
  They 
  have 
  great 
  tuffes 
  of 
  haire 
  hanging 
  downe 
  their 
  

   foreheads, 
  and 
  it 
  seemeth 
  that 
  they 
  have 
  beardes, 
  because 
  of 
  the 
  great 
  

   store 
  of 
  haire 
  hanging 
  downe 
  at 
  their 
  chinnes 
  and 
  throates. 
  The 
  males 
  

   have 
  very 
  long 
  talles, 
  and 
  a 
  great 
  knobbe 
  or 
  flocke 
  at 
  the 
  end: 
  so 
  that 
  

   in 
  some 
  respect 
  they 
  resemble 
  the 
  Lion, 
  and 
  in 
  some 
  other 
  the 
  Camell. 
  

   They 
  push 
  with 
  their 
  homes, 
  they 
  runne, 
  they 
  overtake 
  and 
  kill 
  an 
  horse 
  

   when 
  they 
  are 
  in 
  their 
  rage 
  and 
  anger. 
  Finally, 
  it 
  is 
  a 
  foule 
  and 
  fierce 
  

   beast 
  of 
  countenance 
  and 
  forme 
  of 
  bodie. 
  The 
  horses 
  fledde 
  from 
  

   them, 
  either 
  because 
  of 
  their 
  deformed 
  shape, 
  or 
  else 
  because 
  they 
  had 
  

   never 
  scene 
  them. 
  Their 
  masters 
  have 
  no 
  other 
  substance: 
  of 
  them 
  they 
  

   eat, 
  they 
  drinke, 
  they 
  apparel, 
  they 
  shooe 
  themselves."| 
  

  

  According 
  to 
  Davis, 
  CastaQeda 
  thus 
  describes 
  the 
  buffalo 
  and 
  the 
  

   Plains 
  where 
  it 
  was 
  met 
  with 
  by 
  the 
  people 
  of 
  Coronado's 
  Expedition 
  : 
  

   " 
  The 
  first 
  time 
  we 
  encountered 
  the 
  buffalo, 
  all 
  the 
  horses 
  took 
  to 
  flight 
  

  

  on 
  seeing 
  them, 
  for 
  they 
  are 
  horrible 
  to 
  the 
  sight 
  They 
  have 
  a 
  

  

  broad 
  and 
  short 
  face, 
  eyes 
  two 
  palms 
  from 
  each 
  other, 
  and 
  projecting 
  in 
  

   such 
  a 
  manner 
  sideways 
  that 
  they 
  can 
  see 
  a 
  pursuer. 
  Their 
  beard 
  is 
  

   like 
  that 
  of 
  goats, 
  and 
  so 
  long 
  that 
  it 
  drags 
  the 
  ground 
  when 
  they 
  

   lower 
  the 
  head. 
  They 
  have, 
  on 
  the 
  anterior 
  portion 
  of 
  the 
  body, 
  a 
  

   frizzled 
  hair 
  like 
  sheep's 
  wool 
  ; 
  it 
  is 
  very 
  fine 
  upon 
  the 
  croup, 
  and 
  sleek 
  

   like 
  a 
  lion's 
  mane. 
  Their 
  horns 
  are 
  very 
  short 
  and 
  thick, 
  and 
  can 
  

   scarcely 
  be 
  seen 
  through 
  the 
  hair. 
  They 
  always 
  change 
  their 
  hair 
  in 
  

   May, 
  and 
  at 
  this 
  season 
  they 
  really 
  resemble 
  lions. 
  To 
  make 
  it 
  drop 
  

   more 
  quickly, 
  for 
  they 
  change 
  it 
  as 
  adders 
  do 
  their 
  skins, 
  they 
  roll 
  

   among 
  the 
  brush-wood, 
  which 
  they 
  find 
  in 
  the 
  ravines. 
  

  

  " 
  Their 
  tail 
  is 
  very 
  short, 
  and 
  terminates 
  in 
  a 
  great 
  tuft. 
  When 
  they 
  

   run 
  they 
  carry 
  it 
  in 
  the 
  air 
  like 
  scorpions. 
  When 
  quite 
  young 
  they 
  are 
  

   tawny, 
  and 
  resemble 
  our 
  calves; 
  but 
  as 
  age 
  increases 
  they 
  change 
  color 
  

  

  and 
  form 
  Their 
  wool 
  is 
  so 
  fine 
  that 
  handsome 
  clothes 
  would 
  

  

  certainly 
  be 
  made 
  of 
  it, 
  but 
  it 
  cannot 
  be 
  died, 
  for 
  it 
  is 
  a 
  tawny 
  red. 
  

   We 
  were 
  much 
  surprised 
  at 
  sometimes 
  meeting 
  innumerable 
  herds 
  of 
  

   bulls 
  without 
  a 
  single 
  cow, 
  and 
  other 
  herds 
  of 
  cows 
  without 
  bulls. 
  It 
  

   would 
  sometimes 
  be 
  forty 
  leagues 
  from 
  one 
  herd 
  to 
  another, 
  and 
  that 
  in 
  

   a 
  country 
  so 
  level 
  that 
  from 
  a 
  distance 
  the 
  sky 
  was 
  seen 
  between 
  their 
  

   legs, 
  so 
  that 
  when 
  many 
  were 
  together, 
  they 
  would 
  have 
  been 
  called 
  

   pines 
  whose 
  foliage 
  united, 
  and 
  if 
  but 
  one 
  Avas 
  seen 
  his 
  legs 
  had 
  the 
  

   effect 
  of 
  four 
  pines. 
  When 
  near, 
  then 
  it 
  was 
  impossible 
  by 
  an 
  effort 
  to 
  

   see 
  the 
  ground 
  beyond, 
  for 
  all 
  this 
  country 
  is 
  so 
  flat 
  that 
  turn 
  which 
  

   way 
  we 
  will 
  the 
  sky 
  and 
  the 
  grass 
  are 
  alone 
  to 
  be 
  seen. 
  

  

  * 
  See 
  R. 
  H. 
  Keru's 
  Map 
  of 
  Coronado's 
  route, 
  as 
  before 
  cited. 
  

  

  t 
  Hakluyt, 
  Voyages, 
  Vol. 
  Ill, 
  p. 
  455. 
  (Translated 
  from 
  Gomara's 
  liistoria 
  de 
  las 
  

   Indias, 
  Cap. 
  214.) 
  

   t 
  Hakluyt, 
  Voyages, 
  Vol. 
  Ill, 
  p. 
  45G. 
  

  

  