﻿PACKARD.] 
  ROCKY 
  MOUNTAIN 
  LOCUST. 
  591 
  

  

  by 
  specialists, 
  for 
  the 
  pure 
  love 
  of 
  science. 
  Their 
  cloister 
  studies, 
  put 
  to 
  

   practical 
  account, 
  saves 
  the 
  destruction 
  of 
  one 
  of 
  the 
  largest 
  agricul- 
  

   tural 
  interests 
  in 
  Southern 
  Europe. 
  In 
  like 
  manner, 
  had 
  the 
  United 
  

   States 
  encouraged 
  the 
  entomologist 
  and 
  botanist 
  in 
  their 
  studies, 
  and 
  

   caused 
  them 
  to 
  be 
  turned 
  to 
  practical 
  account, 
  we 
  should 
  not 
  have 
  had 
  

   to 
  give 
  up 
  the 
  cultivation 
  of 
  wheat 
  in 
  the 
  ISfortheastern 
  States; 
  our 
  cot- 
  

   ton-crop 
  could 
  perhaps 
  have 
  been 
  doubled, 
  and 
  our 
  garden 
  and 
  field 
  

   crops 
  would 
  have 
  regularly 
  yielded 
  a 
  steady 
  return 
  to 
  the 
  producer. 
  

  

  Let 
  us 
  look 
  for 
  a 
  moment 
  at 
  the 
  losses 
  sustained 
  in 
  the 
  United 
  States 
  

   from 
  the 
  attacks 
  of 
  insects. 
  The 
  annual 
  agricultural 
  products 
  of 
  this 
  

   country 
  by 
  the 
  last 
  census 
  amounted 
  in 
  value 
  to 
  $2,500,000,000. 
  Of 
  this 
  

   amount 
  we 
  in 
  all 
  probability 
  annually 
  lose 
  over 
  $200,000,000 
  from 
  the 
  

   attacks 
  of 
  injurious 
  insects 
  alone. 
  The 
  losses 
  from 
  the 
  ravages 
  of 
  the 
  

   locust 
  in 
  the 
  border 
  States 
  in 
  1874 
  were 
  estimated 
  at 
  $45,000,000. 
  The 
  

   estimated 
  money 
  loss 
  occasioned 
  by 
  the 
  chinch-bug 
  in 
  Illinois 
  in 
  1864 
  

   was 
  over 
  $73,000,000; 
  in 
  Missouri, 
  in 
  1874, 
  it 
  was 
  estimated 
  at 
  not 
  less 
  

   than 
  $19,000,000. 
  The 
  average 
  annual 
  loss 
  from 
  the 
  attacks 
  of 
  the 
  cot- 
  

   ton-worm 
  is 
  probably 
  between 
  $25,000,000 
  and 
  $50,000,000. 
  Add 
  to 
  

   these 
  the 
  losses 
  sustained 
  by 
  the 
  attacks 
  of 
  over 
  a 
  thousand 
  other 
  spe- 
  

   cies 
  of 
  insects 
  which 
  affect 
  our 
  cereals, 
  forage 
  and 
  field 
  crops, 
  fruit-trees 
  

   and 
  shrubs, 
  garden-vegetables, 
  shade 
  and 
  ornamental 
  trees, 
  as 
  well 
  as 
  

   our 
  hard 
  and 
  pine 
  forests 
  and 
  stored 
  fruits, 
  and 
  it 
  will 
  not 
  be 
  thought 
  

   an 
  exaggeration 
  to 
  put 
  our 
  annual 
  losses 
  from 
  the 
  ravages 
  of 
  insects 
  at 
  

   $200,000,000. 
  If 
  the 
  people 
  of 
  this 
  country 
  would 
  only 
  look 
  at 
  this 
  an- 
  

   nual 
  depletion, 
  this 
  absolute 
  waste, 
  which 
  drags 
  her 
  iDackward 
  in 
  the 
  

   race 
  with 
  the 
  countries 
  of 
  the. 
  Old 
  World, 
  they 
  might 
  see 
  the 
  necessity 
  

   of 
  taking 
  effectual 
  preventive 
  measures 
  in 
  restraining 
  the 
  ravages 
  oi' 
  

   insects 
  with 
  care 
  and 
  forethought, 
  based 
  on 
  the 
  observations 
  of 
  scien- 
  

   tific 
  men. 
  I 
  believe 
  that 
  from 
  $50,000,000 
  to 
  $100,000,000, 
  or 
  from 
  one- 
  

   quarter 
  to 
  one-half 
  of 
  this 
  annual 
  waste, 
  could 
  be 
  saved 
  to 
  the 
  country. 
  

   It 
  is 
  to 
  be 
  hoped 
  now 
  that 
  the 
  National 
  Government 
  has 
  caused 
  the 
  

   locust 
  evil 
  to 
  be 
  investigated, 
  such 
  other 
  insects 
  as 
  the 
  chinch-bug, 
  

   cotton-worm, 
  Hessian 
  fly, 
  &c., 
  may 
  hereafter 
  be 
  examined 
  and 
  reported 
  

   upon. 
  

  

  With 
  thanks 
  for 
  the 
  liberal 
  spirit 
  you 
  have 
  shown 
  in 
  causing 
  the 
  in- 
  

   jurious 
  insects 
  of 
  the 
  Territories 
  surveyed 
  by 
  you 
  to 
  be 
  studied, 
  and 
  for 
  

   the 
  generous 
  way 
  in 
  which 
  this 
  report 
  has 
  been 
  illustrated, 
  thereby 
  

   greatly 
  increasing 
  its 
  practical 
  usefulness 
  to 
  the 
  people 
  of 
  the 
  Territo- 
  

   ries 
  visited, 
  

  

  I 
  remain, 
  very 
  truly, 
  yours, 
  

  

  A. 
  S. 
  PACKAED, 
  Jr. 
  

  

  Dr. 
  F. 
  V. 
  Hayden, 
  

  

  United 
  States 
  Geologist-in-Charge. 
  

  

  INSECTS 
  INJURING 
  CEREALS, 
  GRASSES, 
  ETC. 
  

  

  The 
  Western 
  Migratory 
  Locust, 
  CaJoptenus 
  sjpretus 
  of 
  Thomas, 
  appearing 
  period- 
  

   ically 
  in 
  vast 
  swarms 
  iu 
  Utah, 
  Montana, 
  Idaho, 
  Dakota, 
  British 
  America, 
  and 
  Colorado, 
  

   and 
  Texas 
  and 
  Indian 
  Territory, 
  and 
  periodically 
  migrating 
  eastward 
  to 
  Minnesota, 
  

   Iowa, 
  Nebraska, 
  Kansas, 
  and 
  Western 
  Missouri 
  ; 
  a 
  medium-sized 
  grasshopper, 
  with 
  red 
  

   hind 
  legs, 
  consuming 
  entire 
  fields 
  of 
  grain, 
  corn, 
  grass, 
  etc., 
  eating 
  both 
  stalk 
  and 
  

   leaves. 
  

  

  As 
  a 
  study 
  of 
  the 
  habits, 
  distribution, 
  and 
  ravages 
  of 
  the 
  western 
  

   migratory 
  locust 
  is 
  of 
  special 
  importance, 
  and 
  the 
  desire 
  for 
  fresh 
  in- 
  

   formation 
  regarding 
  the 
  habits 
  of 
  the 
  insect 
  iu 
  its 
  home 
  on 
  the 
  elevated 
  

  

  