﻿600 
  REPORT 
  UNITED 
  STATES 
  GEOLOGICAL 
  SURVEY. 
  

  

  lions. 
  We, 
  here, 
  do 
  not 
  believe 
  a 
  word 
  in 
  the 
  statements 
  made 
  from 
  time 
  to 
  time 
  that 
  

   the 
  grasshoppers 
  are 
  dying, 
  or 
  that 
  a 
  parasite 
  is 
  eating 
  them. 
  We 
  have 
  seen 
  them 
  

   come 
  out 
  of 
  water, 
  mud, 
  and 
  snow 
  as 
  strong 
  as 
  ever. 
  They 
  are 
  " 
  iron-clad." 
  I 
  wish 
  

   I 
  wer'e 
  as 
  sure 
  of 
  one 
  proposition 
  as 
  I 
  am 
  that 
  a 
  machine 
  will 
  be 
  invented 
  that 
  will 
  

   take 
  them 
  wp 
  from 
  the 
  ground 
  and 
  " 
  leave 
  not 
  a 
  wretch 
  behind." 
  

  

  Additional 
  facts 
  regarding 
  tbe 
  occurrence 
  of 
  the 
  locust 
  {C. 
  spretus) 
  

   in 
  Colorado 
  and 
  other 
  Territories 
  will 
  be 
  found 
  in 
  the 
  following 
  extracts 
  

   from 
  an 
  article 
  in 
  tbe 
  Daily 
  Inter-Ocean, 
  Chicago, 
  October 
  9, 
  1^875, 
  from 
  

   the 
  pen 
  of 
  Prof. 
  Cyrus 
  Thomas, 
  State 
  entomologist 
  of 
  Illinois: 
  

  

  Their 
  hatching-ground 
  is 
  known 
  to 
  extend 
  over 
  the 
  vast 
  area 
  roughly 
  designated 
  by 
  

   the 
  following 
  boundary-lines 
  : 
  On 
  the 
  east, 
  the 
  one 
  hundred 
  and 
  third 
  meridian 
  ; 
  on 
  

   the 
  south, 
  the 
  south 
  line 
  of 
  Colorado 
  and 
  Utah 
  ; 
  oh 
  the 
  west, 
  the 
  west 
  line 
  of 
  Utah 
  

   extended 
  north 
  to 
  British 
  America 
  ; 
  the 
  northern 
  line 
  being 
  somewhere 
  in 
  British 
  

   America 
  — 
  even 
  this 
  area 
  in 
  tbe 
  northern 
  i)art 
  being 
  expanded 
  indeiinitely 
  east 
  and 
  

   west. 
  Now 
  for 
  the 
  proof. 
  While 
  connected 
  with 
  the 
  United 
  States 
  Geological 
  Sur- 
  

   vey, 
  under 
  Dr. 
  Hayden, 
  for 
  four 
  years, 
  I 
  traveled 
  over 
  a 
  large 
  portion 
  of 
  this 
  area, 
  

   traversing 
  it 
  on 
  various 
  lines 
  east 
  and 
  west 
  and 
  north 
  and 
  south, 
  studying 
  somewhat 
  

   carefully 
  the 
  habits 
  of 
  these 
  destructive 
  locusts. 
  During 
  this 
  time 
  I 
  noticed 
  them 
  in 
  

   the 
  larva 
  and 
  pupa 
  state, 
  or 
  depositing 
  their 
  eggs 
  at 
  the 
  following 
  places 
  : 
  At 
  various 
  

   points 
  along 
  the 
  east 
  base 
  of 
  and 
  in 
  the 
  bordering 
  valley 
  of 
  the 
  mountains 
  in 
  Wyoming 
  

   and 
  Colorado, 
  from 
  North 
  Platte 
  near 
  Fort 
  Laramie 
  to 
  the 
  Arkansas 
  River 
  ; 
  in 
  Laramie 
  

   plains, 
  and 
  around 
  Fort 
  Bridger 
  ; 
  from 
  Utah 
  Lake, 
  in 
  Utah, 
  to 
  Fort 
  Hall 
  in 
  Snake 
  

   River 
  Valley, 
  Idaho 
  ; 
  in 
  Northwestern 
  Dakota 
  near 
  the 
  Red 
  River 
  of 
  the 
  North 
  ; 
  and 
  

   on 
  both 
  sides 
  of 
  the 
  range 
  in 
  Montana 
  along 
  the 
  valleys 
  of 
  Deer 
  Lodge 
  River, 
  and 
  the 
  

   branches 
  of 
  the 
  Upper 
  Missouri! 
  I 
  also 
  obtained 
  satisfactory 
  proof 
  of 
  the 
  "same 
  thing 
  

   occurring 
  in 
  British 
  America, 
  north 
  of 
  Dakota 
  ; 
  in 
  Middle 
  Park, 
  Colorado 
  ; 
  and 
  in 
  the 
  

   regions 
  west 
  of 
  that 
  point; 
  in 
  Wind 
  River 
  Valley, 
  in 
  Wyoming 
  ; 
  in 
  Central 
  Montana, 
  

   along 
  the 
  Yellowstone, 
  and 
  in 
  the 
  Green 
  River 
  country 
  west 
  of 
  South 
  Pass. 
  These 
  facts, 
  

   which 
  are 
  but 
  a 
  small 
  portion 
  of 
  what 
  might 
  now 
  be 
  gathered, 
  will 
  give 
  some 
  idea 
  of 
  the 
  

   work 
  necessary 
  to 
  be 
  done 
  if 
  we 
  undertake 
  to 
  exterminate 
  these 
  insects 
  by 
  destroying 
  

   their 
  eggs 
  in 
  their 
  native 
  haunts. 
  If 
  it 
  can 
  be 
  shown, 
  which 
  is 
  doubtful, 
  that 
  the 
  

   progenitors 
  of 
  the 
  swarms 
  which 
  visit 
  Kansas 
  and 
  Nebraska, 
  after 
  sweeping 
  down 
  from 
  

   the 
  mountain 
  regions, 
  deposit 
  their 
  eggs 
  within 
  the 
  limited 
  area 
  heretofore 
  mentioned 
  

   as 
  the 
  point 
  of 
  departure 
  east, 
  then, 
  and 
  then 
  only, 
  is 
  it 
  possible 
  to 
  devise 
  a 
  prevent- 
  

   ive 
  measure 
  applicable 
  to 
  their 
  native 
  haunts, 
  as 
  this, 
  with 
  the 
  exception 
  of 
  a 
  com- 
  

   paratively 
  small 
  region 
  around 
  the 
  headquarters 
  of 
  the 
  Missouri, 
  is 
  the 
  only 
  portion 
  of 
  

   the 
  broad 
  plains 
  lying 
  along 
  the 
  east 
  iiank 
  of 
  the 
  mountains 
  susceptible 
  of 
  an 
  exten- 
  

   sive 
  system 
  of 
  irrigation. 
  Before 
  alluding 
  to 
  their 
  operations 
  in 
  Kansas, 
  Nebraska, 
  

   and 
  other 
  bordering 
  States, 
  I 
  will 
  present 
  some 
  facts 
  in 
  regard 
  to 
  their 
  migrations 
  in 
  

   and 
  from 
  the 
  mountains 
  and 
  northern 
  regions 
  which 
  will 
  assist 
  the 
  reader 
  in 
  forming 
  

   a 
  more 
  correct 
  idea 
  of 
  their 
  habits 
  and 
  the 
  extent 
  of 
  their 
  operations 
  ; 
  and 
  here 
  be 
  it 
  

   remembered 
  I 
  confine 
  myself 
  to 
  tbe 
  single 
  species 
  CaJoptenus 
  spretus. 
  I 
  have 
  traced 
  

   a 
  swarm 
  from 
  the 
  area 
  west 
  of 
  South 
  Pa^sto 
  their 
  stopping-place 
  and 
  hatching 
  ground 
  

   north 
  of 
  Fort 
  Fetterman, 
  from 
  Northeastern 
  Dakota 
  nearly 
  to 
  Lake 
  Winnipeg, 
  and 
  

   have 
  ascertained 
  that 
  some 
  swarms 
  have 
  even 
  extended 
  their 
  migrations, 
  from 
  some 
  

   supposed 
  southwest 
  point, 
  as 
  far 
  as 
  the 
  north 
  side 
  of 
  this 
  lake. 
  It 
  is 
  also 
  known 
  that 
  

   in 
  one 
  instance, 
  at 
  least, 
  those 
  which 
  left 
  Colorado 
  moved 
  in 
  the 
  direction 
  of 
  Texas 
  ; 
  

   those 
  visiting 
  Salt 
  Lake 
  Valley 
  have 
  repeatedly 
  come 
  from 
  the 
  northeast, 
  sometimes, 
  

   doubtless, 
  from 
  Cache 
  and 
  Bear 
  River 
  Valleys, 
  and 
  at 
  others 
  from 
  the 
  Snake 
  River" 
  

   region, 
  while 
  those 
  hatched 
  iu 
  Salt 
  Lake 
  regions 
  moved 
  soutb, 
  in 
  some 
  instances 
  re- 
  

   turniug 
  with 
  the 
  change 
  of 
  wind. 
  In 
  1864 
  those 
  hatched 
  east 
  of 
  the 
  mountains 
  iu 
  

   Northern 
  Wyoming 
  and 
  along 
  the 
  Yellowstone 
  in 
  Montana 
  swept 
  down 
  the 
  east 
  flank 
  

   of 
  the 
  range 
  upon 
  the 
  fields 
  of 
  Colorado, 
  while 
  a 
  part 
  moved 
  east 
  to 
  Manitoba 
  and 
  

   Minnesota. 
  In 
  1867 
  a 
  swarm 
  from 
  the 
  west 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  range 
  poured 
  into 
  Middle 
  

   Park 
  and 
  there 
  deposited 
  their 
  eggs, 
  but 
  those 
  hatched 
  from 
  these 
  failed 
  to 
  scale 
  their 
  

   rocky 
  bounds; 
  yet, 
  while 
  these 
  were 
  vainly 
  striving 
  to 
  leave 
  their 
  mountain 
  prison, 
  

   another 
  horde 
  from 
  the 
  barren 
  regions 
  beyond 
  sweeping 
  above 
  them 
  over 
  tbe 
  snowy 
  

   crest, 
  poured 
  down 
  upon 
  tbe 
  valleys 
  east 
  ; 
  and 
  iu 
  another 
  instance 
  a 
  swarm 
  was 
  seen 
  

   passing 
  for 
  two 
  days 
  over 
  Fort 
  Hall 
  from 
  the 
  southwest. 
  On 
  the 
  other 
  hand 
  we 
  find 
  

   them 
  extending 
  their 
  flight 
  far 
  into 
  Texas 
  in 
  destructive 
  hordes, 
  yet 
  New 
  Mexico 
  and 
  

   Arizona 
  appear 
  to 
  be 
  comparatively 
  free 
  from 
  them; 
  at 
  least 
  the 
  very 
  extensive 
  collec- 
  

   tions 
  made 
  by 
  Lieutenant 
  Wheelei's 
  expeditions 
  in 
  these 
  Territories 
  during 
  the 
  last 
  

   four 
  years, 
  which 
  have 
  been 
  submitted 
  to 
  me, 
  contain 
  but 
  very 
  few 
  specimens 
  of 
  the 
  

   C. 
  sjn-etiis, 
  and 
  during 
  my 
  visit 
  to 
  New 
  Mexico 
  in 
  1869 
  I 
  found 
  scarcely 
  any 
  specimens 
  

   south 
  of 
  Raton 
  Mountains, 
  although 
  comparatively 
  abundant 
  in 
  Colorado, 
  and 
  even 
  

   in 
  San 
  Luis 
  Valley. 
  I 
  am 
  therefore 
  inclined 
  to 
  doubt 
  the 
  correctness 
  of 
  the 
  statement 
  

   iiiixdc 
  iu 
  relercncc 
  to 
  the 
  grasshopiscr 
  in 
  these 
  Territories 
  in 
  1855, 
  if 
  intended 
  to 
  apply 
  

   to 
  this 
  species. 
  

  

  