﻿602 
  EErORT 
  UNITED 
  STATES 
  GEOLOGICAL 
  SURVEY. 
  

  

  borders 
  of 
  Utah 
  were 
  approached, 
  insects 
  (but 
  not 
  the 
  locust) 
  became 
  

   abundant. 
  The 
  locust, 
  however, 
  breeds 
  as 
  abundantly 
  in 
  Wyoming 
  as 
  in 
  

   adjacent 
  Territories, 
  and 
  is 
  evidently 
  one 
  of 
  the 
  sources 
  of 
  supply 
  for 
  

   the 
  swarms 
  which 
  invade 
  Colorado. 
  In 
  proof 
  of 
  this 
  I 
  will 
  first 
  quote 
  

   Professor 
  Thomas, 
  who 
  makes 
  the 
  following 
  statement 
  in 
  Haydeu's 
  An- 
  

   nual 
  Keport 
  for 
  187G 
  on 
  the 
  Geology 
  of 
  Wyoming 
  : 
  

  

  Duriug 
  the 
  expedition 
  of 
  the 
  present 
  year, 
  while 
  traveling 
  np 
  the 
  North 
  Platte, 
  

   between 
  Fort.Fetterman 
  and 
  Red 
  Buttes 
  (August 
  20-'23), 
  we 
  observed 
  vast 
  numbers 
  

   of 
  this 
  species. 
  They 
  were 
  not 
  on 
  the 
  wing, 
  having 
  to 
  all 
  appearances 
  ended 
  their 
  

   flight, 
  and 
  were 
  now 
  pairing, 
  doubtless 
  intending 
  to 
  deposit 
  their 
  eggs 
  there. 
  Fremont 
  

   encountered 
  a 
  similar 
  swarm 
  in 
  passing 
  over 
  this 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  North 
  Platte 
  Valley. 
  Ho 
  

   remarks: 
  "This 
  insect 
  has 
  been 
  so 
  numerous 
  since 
  leaving 
  Fort 
  Laramie 
  that 
  the 
  

   ground 
  seemed 
  alive 
  with 
  them 
  ; 
  and 
  in 
  walking 
  a 
  little 
  moving 
  cloud 
  preceded 
  our 
  

   footsteps. 
  They 
  had 
  probably 
  ceased 
  their 
  flight, 
  and 
  were 
  preparing 
  to 
  deposit 
  their 
  

   eggs. 
  By 
  reference 
  to 
  my 
  present 
  report 
  ou 
  tbe 
  agiiculture 
  of 
  this 
  section 
  it 
  will 
  be 
  

   seen 
  that 
  hero 
  there 
  appears 
  to 
  be 
  an 
  almost 
  constant 
  current 
  of 
  air 
  sweeping 
  down 
  

   the 
  Platte 
  Valley 
  from 
  the 
  west. 
  When 
  we 
  reached 
  Soutli 
  Pass 
  City, 
  I 
  learned 
  from 
  

   Major 
  Baldwin 
  that 
  about 
  the 
  flrst 
  of 
  the 
  month 
  (August) 
  a 
  large 
  swarm 
  had 
  crossed 
  

   over 
  the 
  pass 
  from 
  the 
  west, 
  moving 
  eastward, 
  and 
  that 
  they 
  had 
  not 
  gone 
  to 
  Wind 
  

   River 
  Valley. 
  I 
  am 
  satished 
  that 
  they 
  did 
  not 
  go 
  upon 
  the 
  Laramie 
  Plains, 
  as 
  I 
  visited 
  

   that 
  section 
  twice 
  during 
  the 
  season. 
  Nor 
  did 
  we 
  meet 
  with 
  any 
  swarms 
  during 
  our 
  

   passage 
  up 
  the 
  Sweetwater 
  ; 
  we 
  may, 
  therefore, 
  reasonably 
  infer 
  that 
  those 
  we 
  saw 
  

   on 
  the 
  North 
  Platte 
  were 
  the 
  same 
  that 
  crossed 
  the 
  uiountaius 
  at 
  South 
  Pass. 
  From 
  

   whence 
  did 
  they 
  come? 
  As 
  we 
  heard 
  nothing 
  of 
  them 
  during 
  our 
  passage 
  down 
  Big 
  

   Sandy 
  along 
  the 
  stage-road, 
  I 
  infer 
  that 
  they 
  must 
  have 
  come 
  from 
  the 
  northwest 
  ; 
  but 
  

   what 
  distance 
  I 
  have 
  no 
  means 
  of 
  ascertaining." 
  

  

  Capt. 
  W. 
  J. 
  Jones 
  states 
  in 
  his 
  " 
  Eeport 
  upon 
  the 
  Reconnaissance 
  of 
  

   Korthwestern 
  Wyoming," 
  made 
  in 
  the 
  summer 
  of 
  1873, 
  that 
  in 
  the 
  Green 
  

   Eiver 
  Basin 
  " 
  the 
  region 
  is 
  infested 
  with 
  great 
  swarms 
  of 
  grasshopi)ers." 
  

   We 
  have 
  seen 
  that 
  Mr. 
  Byers 
  surmises 
  that 
  some 
  of 
  the 
  swarms 
  which 
  

   devastate 
  Colorado 
  cross 
  the 
  Snowy 
  Eauge 
  from 
  the 
  Green 
  Eiver 
  Val- 
  

   ley. 
  

  

  THE 
  LOCUST 
  IN 
  UTAH. 
  

  

  This 
  Territory 
  is 
  much 
  freer 
  from 
  the 
  invasions 
  of 
  locusts 
  than 
  

   Colorado. 
  In 
  1875 
  they 
  were 
  scarce, 
  and 
  had 
  not 
  been 
  abundant 
  for 
  

   three 
  years, 
  ail 
  that 
  were 
  seen 
  being 
  evidently 
  indigenous. 
  In 
  gardens 
  

   in 
  Salt 
  Lake 
  City, 
  and 
  in 
  fields 
  at 
  Lake 
  Point, 
  in 
  Salt 
  La^, 
  in 
  July, 
  

   1875, 
  they 
  were 
  less 
  frequent 
  than 
  the 
  yellow-striped 
  grasshopper 
  [Gal- 
  

   optenus 
  flavovittatus). 
  1 
  found 
  them 
  not 
  unfrequently 
  in 
  Utah, 
  though 
  

   Mr. 
  J. 
  D. 
  Putnam 
  remarks 
  : 
  " 
  In 
  Utah 
  last 
  summer 
  (1875) 
  I 
  failed 
  to 
  see 
  

   a 
  single 
  specimen, 
  although 
  I 
  looked 
  specially 
  for 
  it." 
  (Proc. 
  Daven- 
  

   port 
  Academy 
  of 
  Sciences, 
  2GG.) 
  The 
  invasions, 
  as 
  several 
  persons 
  told 
  

   me, 
  are 
  from 
  the 
  north 
  and 
  northwest, 
  the 
  latter 
  being 
  the 
  direction 
  of 
  

   the 
  prevailing 
  winds 
  in 
  summer. 
  The 
  swarms 
  coming 
  down 
  from 
  the 
  

   north 
  are 
  sometimes 
  turned 
  back 
  by 
  the 
  south 
  winds, 
  and 
  when 
  the 
  

   wind 
  changes 
  over 
  Salt 
  Lake 
  multitudes 
  are 
  drowned. 
  The 
  gulls, 
  so 
  

   common 
  on 
  the 
  lake,were 
  seen 
  feeding 
  ou 
  grasshoppers 
  along 
  the 
  beaches. 
  

   Caloptenus 
  spretus 
  is 
  undoubtedly 
  distributed 
  over 
  the 
  entire 
  Territory. 
  

   Mr. 
  J. 
  L. 
  Barfbot, 
  of 
  Salt 
  Lake 
  City, 
  in 
  charge 
  of 
  the 
  museum, 
  told 
  me 
  

   that 
  he 
  had 
  receiv(^d 
  specimens 
  (which 
  I 
  saw 
  in 
  the 
  museum) 
  from 
  Ka- 
  

   nab, 
  in 
  Southeastern 
  Utah, 
  and 
  also 
  from 
  Dirty 
  Devil 
  Mountain. 
  Pro- 
  

   fessor 
  Thomas 
  also 
  reports 
  it 
  as 
  breeding 
  in 
  the 
  southern 
  and 
  western 
  

   line 
  of 
  Utah. 
  In 
  his 
  letter 
  to 
  me 
  Mr. 
  Byers 
  states 
  that 
  he 
  first 
  saw 
  the 
  

   locust 
  in 
  1853, 
  about 
  the 
  1st 
  of 
  August, 
  upon 
  the 
  plains 
  of 
  Northern 
  

   Utah 
  and 
  Southern 
  Idaho. 
  Professor 
  Thomas 
  also 
  gives 
  the 
  following 
  

   data 
  regarding 
  its 
  occurrence 
  in 
  Utah, 
  in 
  Hayden's 
  Eeport 
  on 
  the 
  Geol- 
  

   ogy 
  of 
  Wyoming, 
  1870, 
  p. 
  283: 
  

  

  As 
  heretofore 
  stated, 
  they 
  have 
  been 
  very 
  destructive 
  in 
  Utah 
  for 
  the 
  past 
  three 
  

   years, 
  not 
  only 
  injuring 
  very 
  materially 
  the 
  growing 
  crops, 
  but 
  eating 
  the 
  leaves 
  from 
  

  

  