﻿PACKARD.] 
  NORTHERN 
  RANGE 
  OF 
  THE 
  LOCUST. 
  605 
  

  

  It 
  will 
  be 
  exceedingly 
  desirable 
  to 
  trace 
  the 
  distribution 
  of 
  C. 
  spretus 
  

   southward 
  of 
  the 
  present 
  known 
  limits, 
  for 
  it 
  is 
  not 
  at 
  all 
  unlikely 
  

   that 
  it 
  inhabits 
  the 
  Mexican 
  Plateau, 
  since 
  Major 
  Powell 
  informs 
  me 
  

   that 
  he 
  found 
  a 
  locust, 
  as 
  he 
  thought 
  this 
  species, 
  uumerons 
  within 
  

   twenty 
  miles 
  of 
  the 
  Mexican 
  boundary 
  on 
  the 
  Colorado 
  Riv^er. 
  

  

  In 
  Northern 
  New 
  Mexico 
  Lieutenant 
  Carpenter 
  found 
  this 
  species 
  

   (identified 
  by 
  Mr. 
  Scudder) 
  on 
  Taos 
  Peak, 
  Sangre 
  de 
  Cristo 
  Mountains, 
  

   at 
  a 
  height 
  of 
  13,000 
  feet 
  (above 
  timber-line), 
  in 
  July, 
  1875. 
  (Scudder 
  

   in 
  Wheeler's 
  Annual 
  Eeport 
  for 
  1876.) 
  

  

  NORTHERN 
  RANGE 
  OF 
  THE 
  LOCUPT. 
  

  

  "While 
  the 
  locust 
  {G. 
  spretus) 
  breeds 
  in 
  Wyoming, 
  Montana, 
  and 
  Da- 
  

   kota, 
  in 
  some 
  cases 
  swarming 
  northward 
  and 
  eastward 
  into 
  the 
  region 
  

   about 
  Manitoba, 
  its 
  northernmost 
  limits 
  in 
  British 
  America 
  are 
  said 
  by 
  

   Mr. 
  G.M.Dawson* 
  to 
  be 
  "the 
  margin 
  of 
  the 
  coniferous 
  forest 
  which 
  oppor- 
  

   tunely 
  follows 
  the 
  line 
  of 
  the 
  North 
  Saskatchewan 
  River." 
  As 
  regards 
  

   the 
  northeastern 
  limits, 
  Mr. 
  Dawson 
  says: 
  " 
  The 
  locusts 
  are 
  recorded, 
  

   on 
  one 
  occasion 
  at 
  least 
  (18G7, 
  by 
  Professor 
  Hind), 
  to 
  have 
  reached 
  the 
  

   shores 
  of 
  the 
  Lake 
  of 
  the 
  Woods, 
  but 
  I 
  have 
  not 
  heard 
  that 
  they 
  did 
  

   so 
  in 
  1874. 
  Their 
  limit 
  in 
  this 
  direction 
  is 
  pretty 
  definitely 
  fixed 
  by 
  the 
  

   Avestern 
  margin 
  of 
  the 
  great 
  woods, 
  about 
  longitude 
  96<^. 
  They 
  did 
  not 
  

   appear 
  at 
  Fairford 
  Port, 
  on 
  the 
  northern 
  part 
  of 
  Manitoba 
  Lake, 
  nor 
  

   at 
  Lake 
  Swan 
  House 
  (longitude 
  100° 
  30', 
  latitude 
  52° 
  40'), 
  Cumberland 
  

   House 
  (longitude 
  102° 
  30', 
  latitude 
  54°), 
  Prince 
  Albert 
  (longitude 
  105° 
  

   30', 
  latitude 
  53° 
  10'), 
  or 
  Fort 
  Pitt 
  (longitude 
  109° 
  20', 
  latitude 
  53° 
  30'j. 
  

  

  They 
  are 
  very 
  seldom 
  seen 
  at 
  the 
  second, 
  and 
  never 
  at 
  the 
  third 
  and 
  

   fourth 
  of 
  these 
  localities. 
  The 
  exemption 
  of 
  Prince 
  Albert 
  is 
  note- 
  

   worthy 
  and 
  instructive, 
  as, 
  on 
  the 
  testimony 
  of 
  several 
  gentlemen 
  ac- 
  

   quainted 
  with 
  the 
  locality, 
  it 
  is 
  due 
  to 
  a 
  helt 
  of 
  coniferous 
  timber, 
  which 
  

   stretches 
  between 
  the 
  North 
  and 
  South 
  Saskatchewan 
  Rivers 
  here; 
  and 
  

   though 
  grasshoppers 
  in 
  great 
  abundance 
  have 
  visited 
  the 
  country 
  south 
  

   of 
  the 
  line 
  thus 
  formed, 
  they 
  have 
  never 
  been 
  Icnown 
  to 
  cross 
  it, 
  as 
  will 
  be 
  

   seen 
  farther 
  on 
  ; 
  that 
  in 
  1875 
  great 
  numbers 
  flew 
  westward 
  to 
  the 
  Lake 
  

   of 
  the 
  Woods. 
  

  

  Regarding 
  its 
  appearance 
  at 
  Manitoba 
  in 
  1875 
  1 
  quote 
  as 
  follows 
  from 
  

   Professor 
  Dawson 
  : 
  t 
  

  

  From 
  the 
  reports 
  now 
  received 
  from 
  Manitoba 
  and 
  various 
  portions 
  of 
  the 
  North- 
  

   west 
  Territory 
  and 
  published 
  in 
  abstract 
  with 
  these 
  notes 
  it 
  would 
  appear 
  that 
  dur- 
  

   ing 
  the 
  summer 
  of 
  1875 
  two 
  distinct 
  elements 
  were 
  concerned 
  in 
  the 
  locust 
  manifesta- 
  

   tion. 
  First, 
  the 
  insects 
  hatching 
  in 
  the 
  province 
  of 
  Manitoba 
  and 
  surrounding 
  regions 
  

   from 
  eggs 
  left 
  by 
  the 
  western 
  and 
  northwestern 
  invading 
  swarms 
  of 
  the 
  previous 
  au- 
  

   tumn 
  ; 
  second, 
  a 
  distinct 
  foreign 
  host, 
  moving, 
  for 
  the 
  most 
  part, 
  from 
  south 
  to 
  north. 
  

   The 
  locusts 
  are 
  known 
  to 
  have 
  hatched 
  in 
  great 
  numbers 
  over 
  almost 
  the 
  entire 
  area 
  

   of 
  Manitoba 
  and 
  westward 
  at 
  least 
  as 
  far 
  as 
  Fort 
  Ellice 
  on 
  the 
  Assineboine 
  River 
  (lon- 
  

   gitude 
  101° 
  20'), 
  and 
  may 
  probably 
  have 
  been 
  produced, 
  at 
  least 
  sporadically, 
  in 
  other 
  

   portions 
  of 
  the 
  central 
  regions 
  of 
  the 
  plains, 
  though 
  in 
  the 
  summer 
  of 
  1874 
  this 
  district 
  

   was 
  nearly 
  emptied 
  to 
  recruit 
  the 
  swarms 
  devastating 
  Manitoba 
  and 
  the 
  Western 
  

   States, 
  and 
  there 
  appears 
  to 
  have 
  been 
  little, 
  if 
  any, 
  influx 
  to 
  supply 
  their 
  place. 
  Still 
  

   farther 
  west, 
  on 
  the 
  plains 
  along 
  the 
  base 
  of 
  the 
  Rocky 
  Mountains, 
  from 
  the 
  forty-ninth 
  

   parallel 
  to 
  the 
  Red 
  Deer 
  River, 
  locusts 
  are 
  known 
  to 
  have 
  hatched 
  in 
  considerable 
  num- 
  

   l>ers 
  ; 
  but 
  of 
  these 
  more 
  anon. 
  

  

  Hatching 
  began 
  in 
  Manitoba 
  and 
  adjacent 
  regions 
  in 
  favorable 
  localities 
  as 
  early 
  as 
  

   May 
  7, 
  but 
  does 
  not 
  seem 
  to 
  have 
  become 
  general 
  till 
  about 
  the 
  15th 
  of 
  the 
  mouth, 
  and 
  

  

  * 
  Notes 
  on 
  the 
  Locust 
  Invasion 
  of 
  1874, 
  in 
  Manitoba 
  and 
  the 
  Northwest 
  Territories. 
  

   Montreal, 
  1876, 
  8vo, 
  p. 
  16. 
  

  

  t 
  Notes 
  on 
  the 
  Appearance 
  and 
  Migrations 
  of 
  the 
  Locust 
  in 
  Manitoba 
  and 
  the 
  North- 
  

   west 
  Territoiies, 
  summer 
  of 
  1875, 
  by 
  George 
  M. 
  Dawson, 
  Assoc. 
  R. 
  S. 
  M., 
  F. 
  G. 
  S. 
  (From 
  

   advanced 
  sheets 
  of 
  the 
  Canadian 
  Naturalist.) 
  

  

  