﻿PACKARD.] 
  PARASITES 
  OF 
  THE 
  LOCUST. 
  667 
  

  

  surrounded 
  with 
  circular 
  wrinkles 
  of 
  a 
  bright 
  brown, 
  besprinlded 
  with 
  broad 
  spots 
  of 
  

   an 
  obscure 
  brown 
  ; 
  extremities 
  of 
  the 
  body 
  blackish. 
  Length 
  of 
  the 
  female, 
  11^ 
  inches 
  ; 
  

   thickness, 
  about 
  one-half 
  of 
  a 
  line. 
  North 
  America, 
  British 
  Museum. 
  

  

  Gordius 
  reticulo.tus 
  Villot. 
  — 
  Anterior 
  extremity 
  ending 
  in 
  a 
  .sharp 
  point. 
  Diameter 
  of 
  

   the 
  body 
  increasing 
  from 
  the 
  anterior 
  end 
  to 
  the 
  posterior 
  extremity, 
  which 
  terminates 
  

   in 
  a 
  truncated 
  point. 
  Auo-genitai 
  aperture 
  bread. 
  Maroon-brown! 
  A 
  dorsal 
  and 
  ven- 
  

   tral 
  band 
  of 
  a 
  darker 
  brown. 
  Epidermis 
  areolated 
  ; 
  areoies 
  forming 
  a 
  net-work, 
  with 
  

   irregular 
  and 
  unequal 
  meshes, 
  having 
  a 
  mean 
  diameter 
  of 
  10 
  miJlremes 
  of 
  a 
  millimeter. 
  

   A 
  simple 
  border 
  of 
  small 
  papilla) 
  around 
  the 
  areoles. 
  Length, 
  about 
  14 
  inches; 
  thick- 
  

   ness, 
  1 
  millimeter. 
  California, 
  Museum 
  ot 
  Paris 
  (a 
  single 
  individual). 
  

  

  I 
  have 
  identihed 
  a 
  specimen 
  of 
  this 
  species 
  from 
  California, 
  sent 
  by 
  Mr. 
  Henry 
  Ed- 
  

   wards 
  to 
  the 
  Museum 
  of 
  the 
  Peabody 
  Academy 
  of 
  Science. 
  

  

  Gordius 
  varhis 
  LiQidy 
  (PlateEXIII,Fig. 
  6, 
  /()• 
  — 
  Body 
  very 
  long, 
  filiform, 
  attenuated 
  at 
  

   each 
  extremity, 
  especially 
  at 
  the 
  anterior 
  ; 
  of 
  a 
  dirty-white 
  yellowish-brown, 
  also 
  very 
  

   black,shining, 
  areolu.ted, 
  areoles 
  irregularly 
  pentagonal. 
  Head 
  surrounded 
  with 
  an 
  ob- 
  

   scure 
  brown 
  or 
  black 
  ring, 
  obliquely 
  truncated 
  and 
  terminated 
  by 
  a 
  transparent 
  cap. 
  

   Mouth 
  situated 
  at 
  the 
  base 
  of 
  this 
  cap. 
  Posterior 
  extremity 
  of 
  the 
  male 
  reflected, 
  ter- 
  

   minated 
  by 
  two 
  conical, 
  recurved, 
  obtuse, 
  and 
  divergent 
  lobes.* 
  Posterior 
  extremity 
  

   of 
  the 
  female 
  trilobed, 
  lobes 
  almost 
  elliptical, 
  of 
  which 
  one 
  is 
  straighter 
  than 
  the 
  

   other. 
  Length 
  of 
  male, 
  4-G| 
  inches 
  ; 
  thickness, 
  A-J 
  of 
  a 
  line; 
  length 
  of 
  a 
  female, 
  5-12 
  

   inches 
  ; 
  thickness, 
  ^-f 
  of 
  a 
  line. 
  

  

  Hahitat: 
  Very 
  common 
  in 
  the 
  rivers 
  of 
  North 
  America 
  'Rancocas, 
  Augusta, 
  Schuyl- 
  

   kill, 
  Delaware). 
  Observed, 
  also, 
  in 
  the 
  Niagara 
  by 
  Agassiz 
  ; 
  in 
  the 
  Susquehanna 
  and 
  

   Lake 
  Champlain 
  by 
  Baird. 
  

  

  The 
  American 
  species 
  of 
  Mermis. 
  — 
  Although 
  the 
  genus 
  Mcrmis 
  is 
  very 
  

   similar 
  in 
  external 
  appearance 
  to 
  Gordius, 
  it 
  differs 
  greatly 
  in 
  internal 
  

   structure, 
  and 
  in 
  the 
  embryo 
  being 
  unarmed 
  and 
  not 
  undergoing 
  a 
  met- 
  

   amorphosis. 
  The 
  species, 
  however, 
  are 
  parasitic 
  in 
  various 
  insects. 
  I 
  

   quote 
  the 
  following 
  generic 
  characters 
  from 
  Carus's 
  Hand-Book 
  of 
  

   Zoology, 
  giving 
  a 
  free 
  translation 
  for 
  the 
  use 
  of 
  the 
  American 
  student: 
  

  

  Gordius. 
  — 
  Head 
  without 
  papillas 
  ; 
  a 
  short 
  fesophagus 
  opening 
  into 
  the 
  cellular 
  con- 
  

   tents 
  of 
  the 
  body 
  ; 
  male 
  with 
  forked 
  tail 
  ; 
  genital 
  opening 
  between 
  the 
  forks 
  ; 
  no 
  

   spiculum, 
  but 
  with 
  spiues 
  ; 
  female 
  opening 
  on 
  the 
  end 
  of 
  the 
  tail, 
  entire, 
  two 
  or 
  three 
  

   pointed 
  ; 
  without 
  any 
  lateral 
  expansions 
  (seiten 
  felder). 
  

  

  Mermis. 
  — 
  Head 
  beset 
  with 
  papillte 
  ; 
  a 
  long 
  cBsophagal 
  tube 
  sunk 
  in 
  the 
  cellular 
  con- 
  

   tents 
  of 
  the 
  body 
  (intestine?) 
  ; 
  male 
  with 
  an 
  undivided 
  tail-end, 
  with 
  several 
  rows 
  of 
  

   papilltB 
  and 
  two 
  spiculte 
  ; 
  female 
  genital 
  opening 
  in 
  the 
  middle 
  of 
  the 
  body, 
  with 
  lat- 
  

   eral 
  expansions. 
  

  

  In 
  both 
  genera 
  the 
  intestine 
  ends 
  in 
  a 
  blind 
  sac, 
  there 
  being 
  no 
  anus. 
  

  

  Mermis 
  elonf/ata 
  l^eiHy.i 
  — 
  Yellowish-white, 
  and 
  from 
  6 
  to 
  8 
  inches 
  in 
  length. 
  New 
  

   Jersey. 
  

  

  lfermiscrassicnfK(?a/a 
  Leidy.t— 
  Pure 
  white, 
  with 
  a 
  peculiar 
  tubercular 
  thickening 
  of 
  

   the 
  integument 
  upon 
  the 
  caudal 
  extremity, 
  8 
  inches 
  in 
  length. 
  Philadelphia. 
  

  

  Mermis 
  acumiitata 
  Leidy.§ 
  — 
  Female. 
  Body 
  filiform, 
  pale 
  fuscous, 
  narrower 
  anteriorl5^ 
  

   Head 
  conical, 
  truncate, 
  with 
  the 
  mouth 
  simple 
  and 
  unarmed. 
  Caudal 
  extremity 
  

   thicker 
  than 
  the 
  head, 
  obtusely 
  rounded, 
  and 
  furnished 
  with 
  a 
  minute 
  spur-like 
  process 
  

   Length, 
  5 
  inches 
  8 
  lines 
  ; 
  cephalic 
  end 
  at 
  mouth, 
  1-2 
  """^ 
  a 
  short 
  distance 
  below, 
  ■^°"" 
  . 
  

   middle 
  of 
  body, 
  f"™ 
  ; 
  near 
  caudal 
  end, 
  J°^'" 
  ; 
  mucro, 
  r^""" 
  ^oi^S) 
  ^0™™ 
  thick. 
  Parasitic 
  

   in 
  thelarvfe 
  of 
  the 
  coddling 
  moth 
  (Carj^ocajJSrtjwmo«e;?a), 
  Philadelphia 
  and 
  Long 
  Island, 
  

   N. 
  Y. 
  Professor 
  Riley 
  informs 
  me 
  that 
  he 
  had 
  previously 
  to 
  the 
  publication 
  of 
  Professor 
  

   Leidy's 
  article 
  found 
  a 
  hair-worm 
  in 
  the 
  body 
  of 
  a 
  coddling 
  worm. 
  Professor 
  Leidy 
  has 
  

   observed 
  a 
  white 
  hair-worm 
  (Mermis 
  sp. 
  ?) 
  proceeding 
  from 
  the 
  Carolina 
  grasshopper, 
  

   Oedi]}oda 
  Carolina 
  (Linn.), 
  while 
  the 
  latter 
  was 
  struggling 
  in 
  a 
  ditch 
  into 
  which 
  it 
  had 
  

   jumped 
  from 
  being 
  alarmed. 
  Perhaps 
  in 
  this 
  way 
  we 
  may 
  a(;count 
  for 
  the 
  occasional 
  

   appearance 
  of 
  a 
  Gordius 
  in 
  a 
  drinkiug-trough 
  or 
  a 
  puddle 
  on 
  the 
  road. 
  (Amer. 
  Ent., 
  

   ii, 
  195.) 
  

  

  * 
  In 
  his 
  article, 
  "The 
  Gordius 
  or 
  hair-worm" 
  (Anieiican 
  EntomologisT, 
  ii, 
  193, 
  

   1870), 
  Professor 
  Leidy 
  describes, 
  under 
  the 
  name 
  of 
  Gordius 
  lovgilohaius, 
  a 
  form 
  which 
  

   he 
  regards 
  as 
  a 
  distinct 
  species, 
  being 
  slenderer 
  than 
  the 
  true 
  varius, 
  with 
  the 
  forks 
  of 
  

   the 
  tail 
  two 
  or 
  three 
  times 
  the 
  length 
  of 
  the 
  thicknessi 
  of 
  the 
  body, 
  and 
  the 
  forks 
  do 
  

   not 
  include 
  at 
  their 
  base 
  a, 
  crescentic 
  fold, 
  as 
  in 
  the 
  former. 
  The 
  genital 
  pore 
  is 
  a 
  

   little 
  i'n 
  advance 
  of 
  the 
  division 
  of 
  the 
  tail. 
  

  

  t 
  Proceedings 
  Academy 
  of 
  Natural 
  Sciences, 
  Philadelphia, 
  1852, 
  v, 
  2G3. 
  

  

  t 
  The 
  same, 
  p. 
  263. 
  

  

  § 
  Proceedings 
  Academy 
  Natural 
  Sciences, 
  Philadelphia, 
  187.5, 
  14. 
  

  

  