﻿PACKAED.J 
  NORTHEEN 
  ARMY- 
  WORM. 
  699 
  

  

  succession, 
  and 
  tbus 
  tbe 
  insects 
  driven 
  off 
  or 
  drowned. 
  The 
  natural 
  

   enemies 
  of 
  the 
  chinch-bug 
  are 
  hirger 
  species 
  of 
  bugs, 
  the 
  lady-bird 
  

   {Hippodamia 
  and 
  Coccinella), 
  the 
  larva 
  of 
  the 
  lace-wing 
  fly 
  (Chrysopa), 
  

   and 
  quails, 
  etc. 
  

  

  The 
  Northern 
  Army- 
  Worm, 
  HeliopMla 
  unipuncta 
  of 
  Grote; 
  Noctua 
  

   unipuncta 
  of 
  Haworthj 
  Leucania 
  unipuncta 
  Guen6e. 
  

  

  The 
  summer 
  of 
  ISGl 
  will 
  be 
  long 
  remembered 
  by 
  agriculturists 
  on 
  

   account 
  of 
  the 
  injury 
  their 
  crops 
  received 
  from 
  the 
  sudden 
  and 
  unpre- 
  

   cedented 
  appearance 
  of 
  a 
  caterpillar 
  which 
  destroyed 
  the 
  leaves 
  and 
  

   heads 
  of 
  every 
  sort 
  of 
  grain; 
  and 
  of 
  a 
  species 
  of 
  Aphis, 
  or 
  plant-louse, 
  

   that 
  gathered- 
  in 
  immense 
  numbers 
  on 
  the 
  ears 
  of 
  the 
  grain 
  that 
  had 
  

   been 
  left 
  untouched, 
  by 
  the 
  army- 
  worm, 
  sucking 
  out 
  the 
  sap 
  of 
  the 
  ear, 
  

   and 
  thus 
  lessening 
  very 
  materially 
  its 
  weight 
  ; 
  or 
  if 
  in 
  many 
  cases 
  not 
  

   doing 
  as 
  much 
  damage 
  as 
  this, 
  causing 
  much 
  apprehension 
  and 
  anxiety 
  

   to 
  farmers 
  generally. 
  

  

  The 
  most 
  injurious 
  of 
  these 
  two 
  insects 
  is 
  the 
  larva 
  of 
  the 
  Leucania 
  

   miipuncta., 
  one 
  of 
  a 
  family 
  of 
  night-flying 
  moths 
  that 
  embraces 
  an 
  im- 
  

   mense 
  number 
  of 
  species. 
  The 
  genus 
  Leucania 
  has 
  a 
  spindle-shaped 
  

   body, 
  a 
  robust 
  thorax, 
  with 
  a 
  distinct 
  collar 
  just 
  behind 
  the 
  head, 
  which 
  

   above 
  is 
  triangular, 
  carrying 
  near 
  the 
  base 
  the 
  thread-like 
  antennse, 
  or 
  

   feelers, 
  which 
  are 
  about 
  two-thirds 
  the 
  length 
  of 
  the 
  wings. 
  Two 
  stout 
  

   j)alpi, 
  with 
  a 
  slender 
  tip, 
  project 
  from 
  the 
  under 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  head, 
  from 
  

   each 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  hollow 
  sucking-tube 
  used 
  to 
  suck 
  the 
  sweets 
  of 
  flowers, 
  

   but 
  which 
  at 
  rest 
  is 
  rolled 
  up 
  between 
  the 
  palpi 
  and 
  rendered 
  almost 
  

   invisible 
  by 
  the 
  thick-set, 
  long 
  hair-like 
  scales 
  that 
  cover 
  the 
  head. 
  A 
  

   )little 
  behind 
  the 
  front 
  margin 
  of 
  the 
  thorax 
  are 
  placed 
  the 
  wings; 
  the 
  

   forward 
  pair 
  narrow 
  and 
  oblong, 
  arched 
  slightly 
  at 
  the 
  apex, 
  and 
  just 
  

   below, 
  the 
  outer 
  oblique 
  edge 
  bulges 
  out 
  slightly. 
  The 
  outer 
  edge 
  or 
  

   that 
  farthest 
  out 
  from 
  the 
  insertion 
  of 
  the 
  wing 
  is 
  in 
  this 
  genus 
  two 
  or 
  

   three 
  times 
  as 
  wide 
  as 
  the 
  base. 
  In 
  the 
  middle 
  of 
  the 
  fore 
  wing 
  is 
  a 
  

   vein 
  that 
  runs 
  out 
  very 
  prominent 
  to 
  just 
  where 
  it 
  divides 
  into 
  three 
  

   lesser 
  branches; 
  on 
  this 
  point 
  in 
  the 
  species 
  described 
  below 
  is 
  a 
  con- 
  

   spicuous 
  white 
  dot 
  which 
  gives 
  it 
  its 
  name, 
  unipuncta. 
  

  

  The 
  hind 
  wings 
  are 
  short, 
  broad, 
  and 
  thin, 
  just 
  reaching 
  out 
  to 
  the 
  

   outer 
  edge 
  of 
  the 
  fore 
  wing. 
  There 
  is 
  a 
  slight 
  notch 
  near 
  the 
  middle 
  of 
  

   the 
  outer 
  edge, 
  and 
  the 
  inner 
  edge, 
  or 
  that 
  most 
  parallel 
  to 
  the 
  abdomen, 
  

   is 
  fringed 
  with 
  quite 
  long 
  hairy 
  scales, 
  that 
  run 
  into 
  the 
  pale 
  fringe 
  of 
  the 
  

   outer 
  edge, 
  which 
  is 
  always 
  paler 
  and 
  broader 
  than 
  that 
  of 
  the 
  fore 
  

   wings. 
  Both 
  wings 
  are 
  much 
  paler 
  beneath, 
  and 
  do 
  not 
  show 
  the 
  mark- 
  

   ings 
  of 
  the 
  upper 
  side. 
  When 
  the 
  moth 
  is 
  at 
  rest, 
  the 
  hind 
  wings 
  are 
  

   laid 
  upon 
  the 
  abdomen 
  and 
  partially 
  folded, 
  so 
  that 
  the 
  fore 
  wings 
  over- 
  

   lap 
  one 
  another 
  above 
  them 
  like 
  a 
  roof. 
  Thus 
  folded, 
  the 
  ends 
  of 
  the 
  

   wings 
  are 
  not 
  much 
  wider 
  than 
  the 
  thorax. 
  

  

  The 
  abdomen 
  tapers 
  rather 
  rapidly, 
  ending 
  in 
  a 
  pencil 
  of 
  hairs. 
  The 
  

   second 
  and 
  third 
  joints 
  of 
  the 
  legs 
  are 
  much 
  thickened, 
  the 
  last 
  joints 
  

   armed 
  with 
  minute 
  spines, 
  four 
  of 
  which 
  are 
  largest 
  on 
  the 
  third 
  joint. 
  

  

  Characters 
  like 
  these 
  show 
  moths 
  of 
  this 
  genus 
  to 
  be 
  strong 
  and 
  swift 
  

  

  on 
  the 
  wing. 
  In 
  meadows 
  and 
  grass-lands, 
  when 
  disturbed 
  they 
  dart 
  

  

  suddenly 
  up 
  from 
  under 
  our 
  very 
  feet 
  and 
  plunge 
  into 
  covert 
  very 
  

  

  quickly 
  again. 
  In 
  the 
  evening 
  they 
  fly 
  in 
  great 
  numbers 
  into 
  open 
  

  

  .windows, 
  attracted 
  by 
  the 
  light 
  within. 
  

  

  The 
  eggs 
  are 
  laid 
  near 
  the 
  roots 
  of 
  our 
  wild, 
  especially 
  the 
  perennial, 
  

   grasses, 
  such 
  as 
  timothy 
  and 
  red-top. 
  Mr. 
  Eiley 
  has 
  succeeded 
  in 
  

   observing 
  the 
  female 
  laying 
  her 
  eggs 
  earh' 
  in 
  April 
  at 
  Saint 
  Louis, 
  Mo. 
  

  

  