﻿736 
  REPORT 
  UNITED 
  STATES 
  GEOLOGICAL 
  SURVEY. 
  

  

  each 
  side 
  as 
  well 
  as 
  the 
  penultinate, 
  which, 
  with 
  the 
  apex, 
  is 
  covered 
  

   with 
  radiating 
  bristles. 
  The 
  pupa 
  is 
  IJ 
  line 
  long; 
  it 
  is 
  inclosed 
  in 
  the 
  \ 
  

   skin 
  of 
  the 
  larva, 
  and. 
  little 
  depressed, 
  and 
  yellowish-brown 
  ; 
  from 
  the 
  i 
  

   thorax 
  projects 
  a 
  branched 
  spiracle 
  like 
  a 
  buck's 
  horn, 
  and 
  the 
  tail 
  has 
  

   a 
  stout 
  spine. 
  It 
  remains 
  from 
  a 
  week 
  to 
  a 
  fortnight 
  in 
  this 
  state, 
  and 
  

   the 
  flies 
  are 
  often 
  exceedingly 
  abundant 
  in 
  the 
  autumn. 
  

  

  " 
  Two 
  large 
  species 
  of 
  flies 
  belonging 
  to 
  the 
  family 
  Muscid^ 
  I 
  also 
  

   bred 
  from 
  a 
  single 
  potatoe, 
  as 
  previously 
  stated. 
  There 
  were 
  forty-eight 
  

   specimens 
  of 
  one 
  which 
  was 
  named 
  by 
  Fallens 
  — 
  

  

  "Muscastahulaus. 
  — 
  The 
  male 
  is 
  3^ 
  lines 
  long, 
  and 
  the 
  wings 
  expand 
  |- 
  an 
  inch 
  ; 
  it 
  is 
  of 
  

   an 
  ash-color, 
  and 
  clothed 
  with 
  black 
  bristles 
  ; 
  the 
  feelers 
  are 
  ferruginous 
  ; 
  the 
  anten- 
  

   nae 
  drooping, 
  five-pointed, 
  and 
  rust-colored, 
  pitchy 
  at 
  the 
  base, 
  third 
  joint 
  elliptical 
  

   and 
  heavy, 
  except 
  at 
  the 
  base 
  ; 
  the 
  seta 
  black 
  and 
  feathery, 
  the 
  basal 
  joint 
  minute; 
  

   eyes 
  large, 
  approximating, 
  naked, 
  and 
  chestnut 
  color, 
  the 
  margins 
  silvery 
  white 
  as 
  

   well 
  as 
  the 
  face, 
  with 
  a 
  black 
  stripe 
  tapering 
  from 
  the 
  antennse 
  to 
  the 
  three 
  ocelli 
  on 
  

   the 
  crown 
  ; 
  thorax 
  hoary, 
  with 
  four 
  black 
  longitudinal 
  stripes 
  before, 
  the 
  two 
  central 
  

   ones 
  the 
  longest, 
  with 
  a 
  spot 
  on 
  each 
  side 
  beyond 
  the 
  center 
  ; 
  scutel 
  hoary, 
  with 
  a 
  

   dark 
  stripe 
  at 
  the 
  base, 
  ferruginous 
  at 
  the 
  tip 
  ; 
  abdomen 
  ashy-ochreous, 
  shining, 
  the 
  

   back 
  variegated 
  with 
  brown 
  patches 
  ; 
  wings 
  with 
  the 
  apical 
  cell 
  not 
  angulated, 
  but 
  

   suddenly 
  rounded, 
  scales 
  at 
  the 
  base 
  with 
  pale 
  tawny 
  margins, 
  and 
  concealing 
  the 
  

   ochreous-clubbed 
  balances 
  ; 
  legs 
  black, 
  apex 
  of 
  thighs 
  and 
  tibise 
  ferruginous 
  ; 
  pulyilliat 
  

   the 
  extremity 
  of 
  the 
  feet 
  elongated. 
  Female 
  similar, 
  but 
  the 
  eyes 
  do 
  not 
  approximate, 
  

   the 
  face 
  has 
  a 
  yellow 
  tinge, 
  and 
  the 
  stripe 
  on 
  the 
  crown 
  is 
  broad 
  and 
  elliptical 
  ; 
  the 
  

   abdomen 
  is 
  broader, 
  with 
  an 
  oviduct 
  at 
  the 
  tail, 
  and 
  the 
  pulvilli 
  are 
  small. 
  

  

  " 
  The 
  maggots 
  had 
  bred 
  and 
  accumulated 
  among 
  the 
  slimy 
  matter 
  of 
  

   the 
  rotting 
  potato, 
  just 
  as 
  meat-maggots 
  are 
  found, 
  together 
  with 
  the 
  

   horny 
  pupse. 
  Indeed, 
  the 
  largest 
  maggots 
  were 
  exceedingly 
  like 
  those 
  of 
  

   the 
  flesh-flies, 
  being 
  flat 
  and 
  whitish, 
  the 
  ochreous 
  food 
  and 
  white 
  lines 
  of 
  

   viscera 
  shining 
  tbrough 
  the 
  transparent 
  skin 
  ; 
  the 
  head 
  was 
  pointed 
  

   with 
  a 
  black 
  proboscis 
  formed 
  of 
  two 
  horny 
  claws, 
  and 
  the 
  two 
  spiracles 
  

   at 
  the 
  blunt 
  tail 
  were 
  like 
  two 
  black 
  horny 
  knobs. 
  The 
  tough 
  and 
  oval 
  

   pupge 
  were 
  of 
  a 
  bright 
  chestnut 
  color, 
  the 
  segments 
  slightly 
  marked, 
  

   the 
  head 
  end 
  rounded 
  and 
  wrinkled 
  to 
  a 
  point 
  ; 
  the 
  tail 
  furnished 
  with 
  

   two 
  black 
  specular 
  tubes. 
  

  

  " 
  Of 
  the 
  other 
  fly 
  I 
  bred 
  fifty-eight 
  specimens 
  from 
  the 
  same 
  potato 
  in 
  

   the 
  middle 
  of 
  August. 
  The 
  larvae 
  escaped 
  my 
  notice 
  at 
  first 
  from 
  being 
  

   so 
  very 
  like 
  the 
  earth 
  in 
  color, 
  and 
  they 
  are 
  still 
  more 
  difficult 
  to 
  detect 
  

   from 
  their 
  sluggishness. 
  They 
  must 
  be 
  in 
  tlie 
  greatest 
  force 
  in 
  July, 
  but 
  

   I 
  have 
  met 
  with 
  them 
  in 
  rotten 
  potatoes 
  in 
  the 
  end 
  of 
  November. 
  The 
  

   group 
  of 
  flies 
  with 
  these 
  singularly 
  spiny 
  larvae 
  have 
  been 
  formed 
  by 
  

   Bouche 
  into 
  a 
  genus 
  called 
  Ko^nalomia, 
  being 
  a 
  section 
  of 
  Anthomyia. 
  

   The 
  parent 
  fly 
  of 
  our 
  si)ecies 
  is 
  exceedingly 
  like 
  Musca 
  cunicularis 
  of 
  

   Linn 
  sens 
  ; 
  still 
  there 
  are 
  difterences, 
  and 
  as 
  the 
  larvae 
  are 
  also 
  dissimilar, 
  

   I 
  have 
  named 
  this 
  potato-flj^ 
  — 
  

  

  " 
  Antliomyia 
  tulerosa. 
  — 
  The 
  ma?e 
  is 
  2^ 
  lines 
  locg, 
  and 
  expands 
  5^; 
  it 
  is 
  grayish-black 
  

   and 
  bristly 
  ; 
  the 
  eyes 
  are 
  chestnut 
  color, 
  naked, 
  approximating 
  on 
  the 
  crown, 
  the 
  inner 
  

   margin 
  silvery 
  wliite 
  ; 
  antennse 
  drooping, 
  five 
  jointed, 
  third 
  joint 
  oblong, 
  fourth 
  a 
  

   slender 
  elongated 
  basal 
  joint 
  to 
  the 
  longish 
  pubescent 
  seta 
  ; 
  tborax 
  with 
  five 
  indis- 
  

   tinct 
  broad 
  stripes 
  down 
  the 
  back, 
  second 
  and 
  third 
  abdominal 
  segments 
  with 
  bright 
  

   ocherous 
  spots 
  on 
  each 
  side, 
  third 
  rarely 
  with 
  two 
  similar 
  minute 
  spots; 
  wings 
  trans- 
  

   parent, 
  nervnres 
  dark, 
  the 
  two 
  transverse 
  ones 
  not 
  very 
  remote 
  ; 
  balancers 
  pale 
  tawny 
  ; 
  

   legs 
  black, 
  base 
  of 
  shanks 
  indistinctly 
  ferruginous. 
  Female, 
  ashy 
  slate-color; 
  the 
  

   eyes 
  smaller 
  than 
  those 
  of 
  the 
  male 
  and 
  remote 
  ; 
  the 
  face 
  not 
  silvery 
  ; 
  thorax 
  with 
  

   five 
  distinct 
  broad 
  blackish 
  lines 
  down 
  the 
  back 
  ; 
  abdomen 
  ovate-conic, 
  with 
  two 
  indis- 
  

   tinct 
  ocherous 
  slightly-diaphanous 
  spots 
  on 
  the 
  second 
  abdominal 
  segment 
  ; 
  in 
  other 
  

   respects 
  this 
  sex 
  is 
  similar 
  to 
  the 
  male. 
  

  

  " 
  The 
  larvae, 
  although 
  indolent, 
  can 
  crawl 
  well 
  ; 
  they 
  are 
  of 
  a 
  dull 
  

   tawny 
  color, 
  clothed 
  with 
  long 
  iDristly 
  spines, 
  somewhat 
  depressed, 
  

   elliptical, 
  tapering 
  to 
  the 
  head, 
  which 
  is 
  waved 
  about, 
  and 
  when 
  thrust 
  

   out 
  is 
  whitish 
  and 
  fleshy, 
  armed 
  with 
  two 
  minute 
  hooks 
  like 
  ebony, 
  and 
  

  

  