﻿PACKAKD.] 
  EUROPEAN 
  CABBAGE 
  WEB-MOTH. 
  751 
  

  

  of 
  the 
  leaves 
  enables 
  them 
  to 
  withstand 
  considerable 
  heat 
  with 
  very 
  

   little 
  injury. 
  The 
  sacrifice 
  of 
  a 
  few 
  heads 
  of 
  cabbage 
  will 
  soon 
  teach 
  

   an 
  experimenter 
  how 
  far 
  he 
  can 
  go 
  with 
  the 
  hot 
  water. 
  A 
  Rural 
  Home 
  

   correspondent 
  speaks 
  also 
  from 
  his 
  own 
  experience 
  and 
  says: 
  "I 
  heat 
  

   water 
  to 
  nearly 
  a 
  boiling-heat, 
  and 
  put 
  it 
  on 
  with 
  a 
  common 
  watering- 
  

   pot, 
  with 
  the 
  sprinkler 
  removed. 
  If 
  it 
  is 
  very 
  hot 
  it 
  will 
  color 
  some 
  of 
  

   the 
  leaves, 
  but 
  it 
  does 
  not 
  seem 
  to 
  hurt 
  the 
  cabbage 
  in 
  the 
  least. 
  This 
  

   will 
  kill 
  the 
  young 
  worms 
  and 
  nearly 
  all 
  the 
  old 
  ones. 
  There 
  will 
  some- 
  

   times 
  be 
  a 
  few 
  that 
  do 
  not 
  get 
  touched 
  with 
  the 
  water. 
  These 
  can 
  be 
  

   picked 
  oft" 
  with 
  a 
  small 
  pair 
  of 
  pincers. 
  If 
  there 
  are 
  not 
  a 
  great 
  many 
  

   the 
  last 
  remedy 
  will 
  do." 
  

  

  The 
  European 
  Cabbage 
  Web-Moth, 
  Plutella 
  xylostella 
  (Linnseus).— 
  Small 
  green 
  

   caterpillars, 
  feeding 
  on 
  the 
  under 
  side 
  of 
  tbe 
  outer 
  leaves, 
  and 
  spinning 
  web-like 
  cocoons 
  

   in 
  folds 
  in 
  the 
  leaves 
  ; 
  changing 
  to 
  a 
  small 
  moth 
  somewhat 
  like 
  a 
  clothes-moth. 
  

  

  My 
  attention 
  was 
  first 
  called 
  to 
  this 
  moth, 
  now 
  almost 
  cosmopolitan 
  

   in 
  its 
  distribution, 
  in 
  September 
  and 
  October, 
  1870, 
  at 
  the 
  Agricultural 
  

   College 
  at 
  Amherst, 
  Mass. 
  The 
  little 
  green 
  caterpillars 
  were 
  quite 
  

   abundant 
  on 
  the 
  under 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  outer 
  leaves 
  of 
  the 
  cabbages 
  on 
  the 
  

   college-farm, 
  and 
  their 
  web-like, 
  delicate 
  cocoons 
  were 
  found 
  attached 
  

   to 
  the 
  leaf 
  in 
  depressions 
  or 
  folds. 
  Afterward 
  a 
  correspondent 
  in 
  Mich- 
  

   igan 
  sent 
  me 
  specimens 
  of 
  the 
  worm, 
  the 
  cocoon, 
  and 
  moth, 
  stating 
  that 
  

   it 
  was 
  doing 
  great 
  damage 
  to 
  the 
  cabbages 
  there. 
  The 
  season 
  at 
  Am- 
  

   herst, 
  as 
  all 
  over 
  Few 
  England 
  in 
  1870, 
  was 
  very 
  warm 
  and 
  unusually 
  

   dry, 
  which 
  accounts 
  for 
  the 
  unusual 
  increase 
  in 
  this 
  insect. 
  

  

  This 
  insect, 
  well 
  known 
  in 
  Europe, 
  whence 
  it 
  has 
  been 
  carried 
  all 
  over 
  

   the 
  civilized 
  world, 
  was 
  first 
  noticed 
  in 
  this 
  country 
  by 
  Dr. 
  Fitch 
  in 
  

   1855, 
  who 
  gives 
  an 
  account 
  of 
  it 
  in 
  his 
  "First 
  and 
  Second 
  Eeports,"etc., 
  

   having 
  observed 
  it 
  in 
  Illinois, 
  but 
  not 
  in 
  New 
  York. 
  He 
  called 
  it 
  Ceros- 
  

   toma 
  hrassicella, 
  but 
  ic 
  is 
  undoubtedly 
  the 
  well-known 
  European 
  Plutella 
  

   xyllostella 
  Linn. 
  Though 
  the 
  insect 
  has 
  been 
  observed 
  in 
  this 
  country 
  

   only 
  late 
  in 
  the 
  autumn 
  when 
  the 
  cabbages 
  have 
  headed, 
  yet 
  these 
  

   worms, 
  as 
  Dr. 
  Fitch 
  suggests, 
  probably 
  belong 
  to 
  a 
  second 
  brood. 
  

   Staintou, 
  in 
  his 
  "Manual 
  of 
  British 
  Butterflies 
  and 
  Moths," 
  states 
  that 
  

   the 
  moths 
  fly 
  in 
  May 
  and 
  August, 
  while 
  the 
  caterpillars 
  appear 
  in 
  June, 
  

   July, 
  and 
  a 
  second 
  iDrood 
  again 
  in 
  September. 
  Dr. 
  Fitch 
  suspects 
  that 
  

   the 
  first 
  brood 
  of 
  caterpillars 
  may 
  feed 
  on 
  the 
  young 
  cabbage-plants 
  jn 
  

   early 
  summer, 
  and 
  thus 
  do 
  more 
  mischief 
  than 
  in 
  the 
  autumn 
  when 
  the 
  

   heads 
  are 
  fully 
  formed. 
  

  

  Mr. 
  0. 
  A. 
  Putnam, 
  of 
  Salem, 
  brought 
  me 
  specimens 
  found 
  on 
  the 
  

   cauliflower. 
  On 
  November 
  15 
  it 
  puj)ated 
  in 
  a 
  thin 
  cocoon 
  consisting 
  

   of 
  a 
  single 
  layer 
  of 
  silk 
  forming 
  a 
  very 
  open 
  web. 
  

  

  Description. 
  — 
  The 
  caterpillar 
  is 
  a 
  little 
  pale-green 
  worm, 
  with 
  small, 
  stiff, 
  dark 
  hairs 
  

   scattered 
  over 
  the 
  body 
  ; 
  it 
  is 
  a 
  quarter 
  of 
  an 
  inch 
  long. 
  When 
  about 
  to 
  transform 
  it 
  

   spins 
  a 
  beautiful 
  open 
  net-work 
  of 
  silk 
  as 
  a 
  cocoon, 
  open 
  at 
  one 
  end, 
  of 
  white 
  silken 
  

   threads 
  ; 
  it 
  is 
  a 
  third 
  of 
  an 
  inch 
  long. 
  

  

  Pvpa 
  with 
  a 
  long, 
  broad, 
  white 
  dorsal 
  band, 
  and 
  a 
  broad, 
  lateral 
  band, 
  widening 
  be- 
  

   fore 
  and 
  inclosing 
  three 
  oblique 
  dark 
  stripes, 
  the 
  lower 
  of 
  which 
  is 
  formed 
  by 
  the 
  an- 
  

   tennae. 
  In 
  a 
  more 
  mature 
  chrysalis 
  the 
  white 
  bands 
  become 
  narrower, 
  and 
  the 
  dark 
  

   portions 
  darker. 
  

  

  The 
  vioth 
  is 
  pale 
  gray, 
  with 
  the 
  head, 
  palpi, 
  and 
  antennae 
  white, 
  but 
  the 
  latter 
  are 
  ringed 
  

   alternately 
  with 
  white 
  and 
  gray 
  on 
  the 
  outer 
  half. 
  The 
  rest 
  of 
  the 
  body 
  is 
  gray, 
  except 
  

   on 
  the 
  under 
  side, 
  and 
  on 
  the 
  middle 
  of 
  the 
  thorax, 
  where 
  there 
  is 
  a 
  broad, 
  white, 
  lon- 
  

   gitudinal 
  band, 
  which, 
  when 
  the 
  wings 
  are 
  folded, 
  is 
  continuous 
  with 
  the 
  white 
  band 
  

   along 
  the 
  inner 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  wings. 
  The 
  two 
  front 
  pair 
  of 
  legs 
  are 
  gray, 
  with 
  the 
  tar- 
  

   sal 
  joints 
  ringed 
  narrowly 
  with 
  white 
  ; 
  the 
  hind 
  legs 
  are 
  whitish 
  and 
  hairy. 
  The 
  fore 
  

   wings 
  are 
  gray, 
  with 
  a 
  conspicuous 
  broad, 
  longitudinal, 
  white 
  band 
  along 
  the 
  inner 
  

   €dge, 
  and 
  extending 
  to 
  the 
  outer 
  third 
  of 
  the 
  wing; 
  this 
  band 
  sends 
  out 
  three 
  teeth 
  

  

  