﻿756 
  

  

  REPORT 
  UNITED 
  STATES 
  GEOLOGICAL 
  SURVEY. 
  

  

  Dr. 
  G. 
  Lincecum, 
  who 
  has 
  given 
  in 
  the 
  Practical 
  Entomologist 
  (vol. 
  i^ 
  

  

  p. 
  110) 
  the 
  following 
  account 
  of 
  its 
  

   habits 
  : 
  

  

  " 
  The 
  year 
  before 
  last 
  they 
  got 
  into 
  

   my 
  garden 
  and 
  utterly 
  destroyed 
  

   my 
  cabbage, 
  radishes, 
  mustard, 
  seed- 
  

   turnips, 
  and 
  every 
  other 
  cruciform 
  

   plant. 
  Last 
  year 
  I 
  did 
  not 
  set 
  any 
  of 
  

   that 
  order 
  of 
  plants 
  in 
  my 
  garden. 
  

   But 
  the 
  present 
  year, 
  thinking 
  that 
  

   the 
  bugs 
  had 
  probably 
  left 
  the 
  prem- 
  

   ises, 
  I 
  planted 
  my 
  garden 
  with 
  rad- 
  

   ishes, 
  mustard, 
  and 
  a 
  variety 
  of 
  cab- 
  

   bages. 
  By 
  the 
  1st 
  of 
  April 
  the 
  mus- 
  

   Affcer 
  tard 
  and 
  radishes 
  were 
  large 
  enough 
  

   for 
  use, 
  and 
  I 
  discovered 
  that 
  the 
  in- 
  

   1 
  began 
  picking 
  them 
  off 
  by 
  hand 
  and 
  

  

  Fig. 
  27. 
  — 
  Harlequin 
  Cabbage-Bug. 
  a, 
  

   larva 
  ; 
  6, 
  pupa 
  ; 
  c, 
  d, 
  e, 
  eggs, 
  natural 
  

   size 
  and 
  magnified 
  

   Riley. 
  

  

  sect 
  had 
  commenced 
  on 
  them 
  

  

  g, 
  h, 
  adult. 
  

  

  tramping 
  them 
  under 
  foot. 
  By 
  that 
  means 
  I 
  have 
  preserved 
  my 
  four 
  

   hundred 
  and 
  thirty-four 
  cabbages, 
  but 
  I 
  have 
  visited 
  every 
  one 
  of 
  

   them 
  daily 
  now 
  for 
  four 
  months, 
  finding 
  on 
  them 
  from 
  thirty-four 
  to 
  

   sixty 
  full-growD 
  insects 
  every 
  day, 
  some 
  coupled, 
  and 
  some 
  io 
  the 
  act 
  

   of 
  depositing 
  their 
  eggs. 
  Although 
  many 
  have 
  been 
  hatched 
  in 
  my 
  

   garden 
  the 
  present 
  season, 
  I 
  have 
  suffered 
  none 
  to 
  come 
  to 
  maturity^ 
  

   and 
  the 
  daily 
  supplies 
  of 
  grown 
  insects 
  that 
  I 
  have 
  been 
  blessed 
  with 
  

   are 
  immigrants 
  from 
  some 
  other 
  garden. 
  

  

  " 
  The 
  perfect 
  insect 
  lives 
  through 
  the 
  winter, 
  and 
  is 
  ready 
  to 
  deposit 
  

   its 
  eggs 
  as 
  early 
  as 
  the 
  13th 
  of 
  March, 
  or 
  sooner, 
  if 
  it 
  finds 
  any 
  cruci- 
  

   form 
  plant 
  large 
  enough. 
  They 
  set 
  their 
  eggs 
  on 
  end 
  in 
  two 
  rows, 
  

   cemented 
  together, 
  mostly 
  on 
  the 
  under 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  leaf, 
  and 
  generally 
  

   from 
  eleven 
  to 
  twelve 
  in 
  number. 
  In 
  about 
  six 
  days 
  in 
  April— 
  four 
  

   days 
  in 
  July— 
  there 
  hatches 
  out 
  from 
  these 
  eggs 
  a 
  brood 
  of 
  larvsB 
  re- 
  

   sembling 
  the 
  perfect 
  insect, 
  except 
  in 
  having 
  no 
  wings. 
  This 
  brood 
  

   immediately 
  begins 
  the 
  work 
  of 
  destruction 
  by 
  piercing 
  and 
  sucking^ 
  

   the 
  life-sap 
  from 
  the 
  leaves 
  ; 
  and 
  in 
  twelve 
  days 
  they 
  have 
  matured.. 
  

   They 
  are 
  timid, 
  and 
  will 
  run 
  off 
  and 
  hide 
  behind 
  the 
  first 
  leaf, 
  stem, 
  or 
  

   any 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  plant 
  that 
  will 
  answer 
  the 
  purpose. 
  The 
  leaf 
  that 
  they 
  

   puncture 
  immediately 
  wilts, 
  like 
  the 
  effects 
  of 
  poison, 
  and 
  soon 
  withers. 
  

   Half 
  a 
  dozen 
  grown 
  'insects 
  will 
  kill 
  a 
  cabbage 
  in 
  a 
  day. 
  They 
  continue 
  

   through 
  the 
  summer, 
  and 
  sufficient 
  perfect 
  insects 
  survive 
  the 
  winter 
  to 
  

   insure 
  a 
  full 
  crop 
  of 
  them 
  for 
  the 
  coming 
  season. 
  * 
  * 
  * 
  * 
  I 
  have 
  as 
  

   yet 
  found 
  no 
  wav 
  to 
  get 
  clear 
  of 
  them 
  but 
  to 
  pick 
  them 
  oft' 
  by 
  hand." 
  . 
  

  

  It 
  has 
  spread 
  northward 
  from 
  Texas 
  into 
  Missouri, 
  appearing 
  there, 
  ac- 
  

   cording 
  to 
  Eiley, 
  in 
  1870. 
  Mr. 
  Uhler 
  (List 
  of 
  Hemiptera, 
  p. 
  24) 
  says 
  that 
  

   it 
  inhabits 
  Guatemala, 
  Mexico, 
  Texas, 
  Arizona, 
  Indian 
  Territory, 
  Califor- 
  

   nia, 
  Nevada, 
  Colorado, 
  and 
  from 
  Delaware 
  to 
  Florida 
  and 
  Louisiana. 
  

   " 
  In 
  the 
  Atlantic 
  region," 
  he 
  adds, 
  "this 
  species 
  seems 
  to 
  be 
  steadily 
  

   but 
  slowly 
  advancing 
  northward. 
  Its 
  introduction 
  into 
  Maryland 
  has 
  

   been 
  effected 
  since 
  the 
  late 
  war, 
  and 
  now 
  it 
  is 
  known 
  as 
  far 
  north 
  as 
  

   the 
  vicinity 
  of 
  the 
  Pennsylvania 
  boundary-line 
  in 
  Delaware. 
  In 
  the 
  

   Mississippi 
  Valley 
  it 
  appears 
  to 
  be 
  equally 
  common, 
  particularly 
  in 
  the 
  

   States 
  of 
  Illinois 
  and 
  Missouri." 
  I 
  found 
  it 
  to 
  be 
  not 
  uncommon 
  at 
  

   Golden, 
  Colo., 
  in 
  the 
  summer 
  of 
  1875, 
  and 
  it 
  will 
  probably 
  be 
  destruct- 
  

   ive 
  there 
  soon. 
  

  

  Description.—" 
  The 
  larva 
  is 
  of 
  a 
  uniform 
  pale-greenish 
  color, 
  marked 
  with 
  polished 
  

   black. 
  The 
  pupa 
  differs 
  from 
  it 
  only 
  in 
  some 
  of 
  the 
  pale 
  marks 
  inclining 
  to 
  orange, 
  

   and 
  in 
  the 
  possession 
  of 
  conspicuous 
  wing-pads 
  ; 
  and 
  they 
  both 
  differ 
  from 
  the 
  mature 
  

  

  