﻿780 
  EEPORT 
  UNITED 
  STATES 
  GEOLOGICAL 
  SURVEY. 
  

  

  State 
  of 
  nature 
  or 
  preserved 
  in 
  alcohol. 
  Specimens 
  in 
  all 
  stages 
  would 
  be 
  very 
  welcome. 
  

   The 
  motli 
  is 
  pale 
  tawny, 
  the 
  hind 
  wings 
  whitish. 
  The 
  fore 
  wings 
  are 
  uniformly 
  pale 
  

   tawny 
  yellowish, 
  with 
  a 
  small, 
  not 
  very 
  distinct, 
  oval, 
  dark 
  discal 
  dot. 
  Half-way 
  

   between 
  this 
  and 
  the 
  outer 
  edge 
  of 
  the 
  wing 
  is 
  a 
  row 
  of 
  whitish 
  points, 
  shaded 
  with, 
  

   black 
  within; 
  fringe, 
  flesh 
  red. 
  Hind 
  wings 
  whitish, 
  blackish 
  on 
  the 
  outer 
  two- 
  

   thirds, 
  with 
  a 
  white 
  fringe. 
  Expanse 
  of 
  wings, 
  1.40 
  to. 
  1.60 
  inches. 
  I 
  have 
  received, 
  

   specimens 
  from 
  Mr. 
  Belfrage, 
  of 
  Waco, 
  Tex., 
  taken 
  May 
  18, 
  June 
  22, 
  July 
  29, 
  and 
  Au- 
  

   gust 
  6. 
  

  

  Remedies, 
  — 
  This 
  caterpillar 
  is 
  difiScult 
  to 
  manage, 
  as 
  it 
  is 
  hidden 
  most 
  

   of 
  its 
  life. 
  Hand-picking, 
  if 
  thoroughly 
  tried, 
  will 
  save 
  much 
  loss. 
  

   The 
  moths 
  may 
  be 
  trapped 
  by 
  spreading 
  a 
  mixture 
  of 
  vinegar 
  and 
  sugar 
  

   over 
  foods 
  or 
  in 
  plates, 
  and 
  moth-traps 
  should 
  be 
  liberally 
  used. 
  A 
  

   moth 
  closely 
  allied 
  to 
  this 
  and 
  which 
  in 
  the 
  caterpillar 
  as 
  well 
  as 
  

   moth 
  state 
  maybe 
  easily 
  confounded 
  with 
  the 
  boll- 
  worm, 
  is 
  the 
  so-called 
  

   phlox 
  worm, 
  originally 
  described 
  by 
  Messrs. 
  Grote 
  and 
  Robinson 
  under 
  

   the 
  name 
  of 
  EeliotMs 
  iMoxoplmga. 
  It 
  occurs 
  all 
  over 
  the 
  South 
  and 
  west 
  

   as 
  far 
  as 
  California 
  and 
  Oregon. 
  Professor 
  Eiley, 
  in 
  the 
  Prairie 
  Farmer^ 
  

   states 
  that 
  there 
  are 
  "two 
  broods 
  a 
  year, 
  the 
  tirst 
  appearing 
  in 
  July 
  

   and 
  becoming 
  moths 
  by 
  the 
  middle 
  of' 
  August, 
  the 
  second 
  passing 
  the 
  

   winter 
  in 
  the 
  chrysalis 
  state. 
  The 
  eggs 
  are 
  deposited 
  singly 
  on 
  all 
  por- 
  

   tions 
  of 
  the 
  plant, 
  and 
  the 
  caterpillar 
  when 
  about 
  to 
  become 
  a 
  chrysalis 
  

   enters 
  the 
  ground 
  and 
  interweaves 
  grains 
  of 
  sand 
  with 
  a 
  few 
  silken 
  

   threads, 
  forming 
  a 
  very 
  slight 
  elastic 
  cocoon." 
  

  

  Description 
  of 
  the 
  moth.— 
  It 
  is 
  usually 
  a 
  little 
  smaller 
  than 
  E. 
  armigera 
  and 
  with 
  a 
  

   large 
  black 
  discal 
  spot 
  fully 
  twice 
  as 
  large 
  as 
  in 
  that 
  species. 
  A 
  dark 
  tawny 
  band 
  

   runs 
  from 
  the 
  discal 
  spot 
  to 
  the 
  inner 
  edge 
  of 
  the 
  wing. 
  In 
  front 
  of 
  the 
  discal 
  spot 
  are 
  

   two 
  dark, 
  small 
  costal 
  spots, 
  and 
  a 
  third 
  much 
  larger, 
  one 
  near 
  the 
  apex. 
  Hind 
  wings 
  

   with 
  a 
  very 
  large, 
  black 
  lunate 
  discal 
  spot, 
  almost 
  entirely 
  wanting 
  in 
  H. 
  armigera, 
  

   jvhile 
  as 
  in 
  that 
  species 
  the 
  black 
  border 
  incloses 
  a 
  white 
  spot, 
  usually, 
  however, 
  much 
  

   better 
  marked 
  than 
  in 
  JI. 
  armigera. 
  Expanse 
  of 
  wings, 
  1.00-1.40 
  inches. 
  

  

  INSECTS 
  ATTACKING 
  THE 
  TOBACCO-PLANT. 
  

  

  The 
  Tobacco-Worm, 
  Sphinx 
  !3-maculata 
  Haworth.— 
  Devouring 
  the 
  leaves 
  ; 
  a 
  large 
  

   green 
  caterpillar 
  as 
  thick 
  as 
  one's 
  little 
  finger, 
  with 
  a 
  stiff 
  horn 
  on 
  the 
  end 
  of 
  its 
  body^ 
  

   and 
  changing 
  to 
  a 
  chrysalis 
  in 
  the 
  earth, 
  the 
  moth 
  flying 
  in 
  June 
  to 
  September. 
  

  

  About 
  the 
  only 
  serious 
  enemies 
  of 
  the 
  tobacco-plant 
  are 
  the 
  two 
  

   species 
  of 
  Sphinx 
  moths, 
  Macrosila 
  Carolina 
  Linn., 
  and 
  Macrosila 
  5- 
  

   maciUata, 
  or 
  the 
  Carolina 
  and 
  five-spotted 
  hawk-moth. 
  The 
  Carolina 
  

   worm 
  is 
  confined 
  to 
  the 
  Middle 
  and 
  Southern 
  States, 
  while 
  the 
  cater- 
  

   pillar 
  of 
  the 
  five-spotted 
  hawk-moth 
  occurs 
  in 
  the 
  Northern 
  and 
  Western 
  

   States, 
  as 
  well 
  as 
  the 
  Southern. 
  I 
  have 
  received 
  M. 
  5maculata 
  from 
  

   Salt 
  Lake 
  City, 
  through 
  Mr. 
  Joseph 
  L. 
  Barfoot, 
  curator 
  of 
  the 
  Salt 
  Lake 
  

   museum. 
  

  

  So 
  far 
  as 
  my 
  personal 
  knowledge 
  extends, 
  the 
  tobacco- 
  worm 
  is 
  inju- 
  

   rious 
  to 
  the 
  tobacco-crop 
  of 
  the 
  Connecticut 
  Valley 
  in 
  Connecticut 
  and 
  

   Western 
  Massachusetts, 
  and 
  is 
  only 
  kept 
  under 
  by 
  watchfulness, 
  being' 
  

   picked 
  off 
  by 
  hand. 
  In 
  the 
  Middle 
  States, 
  for 
  example 
  Tennessee, 
  the 
  

   ravages 
  of 
  the 
  " 
  tobacco 
  worm," 
  as 
  stated 
  by 
  the 
  Scientific 
  Farmer, 
  

   which 
  may 
  refer 
  either 
  to 
  this 
  insect 
  or 
  the 
  Carolina 
  sphinx, 
  is 
  a 
  great 
  

   hinderance 
  to 
  the 
  successful 
  cultivation 
  of 
  tobacco 
  in 
  Tennessee. 
  " 
  But,"^ 
  

   adds 
  the 
  editor, 
  " 
  an 
  enemy 
  to 
  it 
  has 
  appeared 
  in 
  the 
  person 
  of 
  an 
  ich- 
  

   neumon-fly, 
  which 
  destroys 
  the 
  worms 
  in 
  large 
  numbers. 
  It 
  is 
  thought 
  

   if 
  this 
  ichneumon 
  keeps 
  at 
  its 
  work, 
  that 
  certain 
  lands 
  will 
  possess 
  a 
  

   high 
  value 
  for 
  the 
  cultivation 
  of 
  tobacco." 
  The 
  accompanying 
  cut 
  (Fig. 
  

   48) 
  represents 
  an 
  ichneumon-parasite, 
  a 
  species 
  of 
  Microgaster, 
  bred 
  by 
  

  

  