﻿808 
  EEPOKT 
  UNITED 
  STATES 
  GEOLOGICAL 
  SURVEY. 
  

  

  the 
  moths 
  emerge 
  and 
  are 
  in 
  the 
  greatest 
  abundance 
  about 
  the 
  middle 
  

   of 
  June. 
  They 
  come 
  very 
  readily 
  to 
  light, 
  and 
  are 
  a 
  pest 
  to 
  the 
  ento- 
  ] 
  

   mologist 
  in 
  his 
  nocturnal 
  rambles. 
  I 
  regret 
  that 
  I 
  cannot 
  now 
  send 
  i 
  

   you 
  descriptions 
  of 
  the 
  larva 
  and 
  chrysalis. 
  Mr. 
  Stretch 
  has 
  them 
  pre- 
  ' 
  

   pared 
  for 
  his 
  forthcoming 
  book 
  on 
  our 
  Boinbycidw, 
  and 
  I 
  am 
  sure 
  he 
  ] 
  

   will 
  forward 
  them 
  to 
  you. 
  I 
  will 
  write 
  and 
  ask 
  him 
  to 
  do 
  so. 
  I 
  can 
  

   send 
  you 
  the 
  perfect 
  insects 
  if 
  they 
  are 
  of 
  value 
  to 
  you." 
  I 
  

  

  i 
  

   Phryganidea 
  oalifornica. 
  (Plate 
  LXX, 
  Fig. 
  22, 
  male.) 
  | 
  

  

  The 
  following 
  account 
  has 
  been 
  furnished 
  by 
  Mr. 
  H, 
  Edwards: 
  

  

  "This 
  insect 
  is 
  also 
  very 
  destructive 
  to 
  our 
  young 
  oaks, 
  the 
  cater- 
  

   pillars, 
  which 
  are 
  perfectly 
  naked 
  and 
  with 
  the 
  head 
  almost 
  monstrous 
  

   in 
  size, 
  making 
  their 
  appearance 
  about 
  the 
  same 
  time 
  as 
  those 
  of 
  Gas- 
  

   tropacJia. 
  They 
  are 
  restless 
  little 
  creatures, 
  wandering 
  incessantly 
  over 
  

   the 
  trees, 
  and 
  feeding 
  very 
  rapidly. 
  They 
  spin 
  no 
  cocoon, 
  but 
  hang 
  by 
  

   the 
  tail, 
  like 
  the 
  larva 
  of 
  Vanessa, 
  etc. 
  The 
  change 
  to 
  the 
  chrysalis 
  is 
  

   undergone 
  in 
  April 
  and 
  May, 
  and 
  the 
  moths 
  appear 
  in 
  about 
  fifteen 
  or 
  

   sixteen 
  days. 
  There 
  is 
  a 
  second 
  brood 
  of 
  these 
  insects, 
  the 
  imagos 
  of 
  

   the 
  latter 
  appearing 
  in 
  September 
  and 
  October. 
  Indeed, 
  fresh 
  speci- 
  

   mens 
  are 
  now 
  upon 
  the 
  wing, 
  though 
  the 
  second 
  brood 
  is 
  by 
  no 
  means 
  

   so 
  abundant 
  as 
  the 
  first. 
  I 
  have 
  observed 
  that 
  Phryganidea 
  and 
  Gas- 
  

   tropacha 
  never 
  associate 
  upon 
  the 
  same 
  tree, 
  and 
  I 
  think 
  that 
  the 
  for- 
  

   mer 
  has 
  always 
  the 
  mastery. 
  This 
  is 
  perhaps 
  owing 
  to 
  some 
  excretion 
  

   from 
  its 
  body 
  which 
  is 
  unpleasant 
  to 
  the 
  Gastropacha; 
  but 
  of 
  course 
  I 
  

   do 
  not 
  speak 
  with 
  certainty 
  as 
  to 
  this 
  fact. 
  It 
  is, 
  however, 
  sure 
  that 
  

   they 
  are 
  never 
  found 
  in 
  large 
  quantities 
  on 
  the 
  same 
  tree. 
  I 
  am 
  in- 
  

   clined 
  to 
  think 
  that 
  Phryganidea 
  is 
  more 
  destructive 
  to 
  the 
  oaks 
  than 
  

   the 
  other 
  species, 
  as 
  it 
  feeds 
  solely 
  upon 
  Quercus, 
  while 
  the 
  other, 
  as 
  I 
  

   have 
  said, 
  is 
  not 
  so 
  particular 
  in 
  the 
  choice 
  of 
  its 
  food. 
  I 
  inclose 
  my 
  

   published 
  description 
  of 
  the 
  egg 
  of 
  Phryganidea. 
  I 
  quote 
  Mr. 
  Edwards's 
  

   description 
  of 
  the 
  egg 
  and 
  larva 
  : 
  

  

  " 
  The 
  egg 
  is 
  spherical, 
  a 
  little 
  flattened 
  above, 
  shining, 
  yellowish- 
  white 
  

   at 
  exclusion, 
  attached 
  in 
  clusters 
  of 
  about 
  ten 
  or 
  twelve 
  to 
  the 
  upper 
  

   side 
  of 
  the 
  leaves. 
  The 
  third 
  day 
  the 
  apex 
  of 
  the 
  egg 
  assumes 
  a 
  dull 
  

   orange 
  hue, 
  afterward 
  changing 
  to 
  a 
  bright 
  reddish-purple 
  and 
  grad- 
  

   ually 
  to 
  a 
  duller 
  shade 
  as 
  the 
  young 
  larvae 
  emerge. 
  The 
  eggs 
  were 
  

   laid 
  by 
  a 
  female 
  in 
  my 
  possession 
  on 
  July 
  5. 
  In 
  the 
  young 
  larva 
  the 
  

   head 
  is 
  very 
  large, 
  almost 
  monstrous, 
  pale 
  olive-brown, 
  with 
  a 
  narrow 
  

   black 
  line 
  at 
  base 
  ; 
  body 
  pale 
  canary 
  -yellow, 
  with 
  four 
  rows 
  of 
  black 
  

   spots 
  arranged 
  longitudinally 
  in 
  lines. 
  

  

  " 
  The 
  mature 
  form 
  of 
  the 
  larva 
  is 
  noticed 
  in 
  Stretch's 
  ^ 
  Zygaenidce 
  and 
  

   Bombyeidce 
  of 
  North 
  America,' 
  but 
  I 
  subjoin 
  the 
  description 
  of 
  one 
  of 
  the 
  

   many 
  varieties 
  to 
  which 
  it 
  is 
  subject, 
  believing 
  that 
  all 
  information 
  with 
  

   reference 
  to 
  this 
  species 
  (the 
  position 
  of 
  which 
  in 
  classification 
  has 
  not 
  

   yet 
  been 
  settled 
  by 
  entomologists) 
  will 
  prove 
  to 
  be 
  of 
  value 
  : 
  Yellow- 
  

   ish-white, 
  shining, 
  head 
  large, 
  round, 
  stone 
  color, 
  with 
  a 
  black 
  point 
  on 
  

   each 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  mouth 
  ; 
  a 
  median 
  stripe 
  of 
  reddish-brown 
  and 
  a 
  narrow 
  

   one 
  of 
  the 
  same 
  color 
  on 
  each 
  side. 
  A 
  broad 
  black 
  stripe 
  extends 
  lat- 
  

   erally 
  across 
  the 
  second 
  segment 
  at 
  base 
  of 
  the 
  head 
  and 
  another 
  across 
  

   the 
  thirteenth 
  segment, 
  which 
  also 
  contains 
  a 
  broken 
  black 
  dorsal 
  line. 
  

   In 
  the 
  middle 
  of 
  the 
  black 
  lateral 
  stripe 
  is 
  a 
  waved 
  whitish 
  line, 
  inclosing 
  

   a 
  narrow 
  black 
  one. 
  At 
  the 
  base 
  of 
  the 
  abdominal 
  legs 
  is 
  a 
  waved 
  

   interrupted 
  yellow 
  line, 
  edged 
  narrowly 
  with 
  black 
  ; 
  under 
  side 
  yellow- 
  

   ish-white, 
  faintly 
  marked 
  with 
  broken 
  brown 
  waved 
  lines 
  ; 
  feet 
  pinkish, 
  

   striped 
  with 
  black 
  j 
  abdominal 
  legs 
  yellowish-white." 
  

  

  