1910.] PAKASITK' PUOTOZOA OF liKI) CKolsK. 705 



Malpigliian tubes, the spores liuall}- ])uistiiig out ns i-ouiuleil 

 bodies into the lumen of the gut, and thence pass outside the host. 

 Melophagus ovinus contains a similar fungus [see Portei' (1910)1. 



In connection with the fungus, which is common in the grouse- 

 flies, I may say that I have nevei- found flagellates present where 

 the fungus existed, and a similar condition obtains in the sheep- 

 ked, Melopliagus ovinus. 



The grouse-fly, examined as a possible vector of the protozoal 

 parasites of the grouse. 3'ielded rathei- poor results. However, I 

 have found protozoal vermicules, some without melanin, others 

 doubtfully with a little, in the gut of the fly. These might be 

 stages (ookinetes ?) in the life-history of Leucocyiozo'on loi^'ati ov 

 Hcumo'proteus mansoni, or of both. Thei'e is also the possibility of 

 Orniihomy'ia lagopodisheing the ti'ansmitter of Sjjirochcetalagopodia^ 

 though I a,m inclined to siaspect Ixodes ricinus here, but the 

 whole question of the transmission of the protozoal parasites of 

 grouse is one demanding much moi'e material and very careful 

 investigation. 



I also kept a number of the pupa? of the grouse-fly for further 

 investigation, but unfortunately they have not hatched out yet. 

 Dr. Shipley (1909, pp. 321-3) has already published an account 

 of the grouse-fly in which the possible time needed for hatching 

 is discussed, together with much information regarding the 

 adult fly. 



References lo Literature. 



Balfour, A. (1908). — Third Report Wellcome K,esearch Labs., 



Khartoum. " Spirochfetosis of Sudanese Fowls," p. 38. 

 Blaxciiaed, E. (1906). — "Spirilles, Spirochetes et autres micro- 



organismes a corps spirales." Semaine med., Paris, pp. 1-5. 

 Danilewsky, V. (1890). — " Developpement des parasites malari- 



ques dans les leucocytes des oisea.ux (Leucocytozoaires)." Ann. 



Inst. Pasteur, iv, pp. 427-431. 

 DoBELL, C. C. (1909). — " Researches on the Intestinal Protozoaof 



Frogs and Toads." Quart. Journ. Microsc. Sci., liii. pp. 201- 



277, 4 pis. 

 DoFLEiN, F. (1907). — " Studien zur Naturgeschichte der Protozoen. 



V. Amiibenstudien {A. vefipertilio)." Arch. f. Protistenkunde, 



Suppl.-Bd. i. pp. 250-293, 3 pis. 

 Button, J. E.. Todd, J. L., and Tobey, E. N. ( 1 907). — " Concerning 



certain Parasitic Protozoa observed in Africa." Ann. Trop. 



Med. & Parasitology (Liverpool), i. pp. 287-3(ifi. 13 pis. 



(Avian Leucocytozoa, pp. 288-297.) 

 Eberth, J. (1862). — " Ueber ein neue Infusorium im Darni ^•el•- 



schiedener Vogel." Zeitschr. f. Wisser.schaft. Zool. xi. 



p. 98. 

 Faxtham, H. B. (1908). — ^"^ Spiroclid'td- {Trypanosoma) hcdbianli 



(Certes) and S'piroclnrla (niddoidir (Keysselitz) ; their move- 

 ment, structure and affinities.'' (^h art. -lourn. Microsc. Sci., 



lii. ])p. 1 7.'!. •"> pis. 



