710 ]JI{. II. H. I'ANTIIA.M (i.\ AVIAX < (t("CJI)]().SIS, [AlilV ;?, 



(fij^s. 4 7) were also used. When the oiicNstseoiitaineil develoiied 

 sporocysts the onset of coccidiosis was more lapid. 



Again, I have found coccidian oocysts in the water of t.-iriis .-it 

 \vhicli grouse chicks drink and also in dew collected fioui tlu' 

 lieather on the moors (fig. 8). Grouse chicks, then, can ac(juire 

 coccidian oocysts by vvay of their drink. To show this method of 

 infection experimentally, a healthy fowl cliii-k was su])plied with 

 Witter containing coccidian oocysts. This liird .ilso became 

 infected with coccidiosis. 



Control birds were most carefully kept. 'J'liese were supplied 

 with f()0<l and drink exactly as were the treated birds, and ke])t 

 under the same conditions. Examination of their fa-ces \''as made 

 twice daily, and caT'eful search was made for oikysts as the possi- 

 l)ility of natural coccidiosis of both fowls and pigeons* was well 

 i-ecognised and most carefully guarded against. Control birds 

 invariably were healthy and ma<le moi-e rapid progress in growth 

 than did the subjects of the experiment 



In every instance I most carefully compared the results obtiiined 

 experimentally with the cases of natiiral coccidiosis in gi-ouse 

 chicks that I investigated at Killin (by the courtesy of Loi'd 

 Lovat) and in other cases obtained from Perthshire, Dumfries- 

 shire and Yorkshire. 



8ome authors have given the name Coccidiuia cn.niculi t to the 

 parasite of birds, thereby identifying the coccidium of birds with 

 that of i-abbits. Having had the opjiortmiity of obtaining fresh 

 material from rabbits dying rapidly of acute coccidiosis, I fed a 

 healthy young pigeon directly with oocysts of C. CKiiicidi. At fii'st 

 oocysts were voided by the pigeon, then none were found in the 

 f.-eces and no sym]jtom associated with coccidiosis appeared at any 

 time. The first oocysts voided wei'e merely those supplied to the 

 V)ird which had pnssed unchanged thi-ough its alimentary tract. 

 Though this pigeon received several doses of the oocysts of Eimeria 

 {Coccidium) cmricnli, it never developed coccidiosis, and the post 

 mortem examination mtide innnediately after killing the bird 

 showed a. perfectly normal condition of every organ. I consider 

 that these experiments show conclusively tiat J'J. arinin and 

 A', ctmictdi are distinct species of Kinifrid nnd are not identical. 

 There are also morphological differences lietween the two, chiefly 

 of size [E. aviiiiii is the smaller). 



III. Symptoms of Coccidiosis. 



The symptoms of gi'ou.se sufiering from u.iturid coccidiosis and 

 tho.se of grouse, fowl chicks, and [)igeons, in which the disease hns 

 been artificially induced, iire identical. The .symptoms that have 

 lieeu noted in the case of the l)irds cx.'iniiiuMl may now be stutcd. 



* TliriMmli t lit' courtesy of a tViciid I was able to ixainiiic Cociidiiiii oocysts tVom 

 a pi^ooii ^iift'i'vinir tVoiii iiattiral coccidiosis. On F). FiXl I. liu'. !■'< i> dvawii a cyst of 

 this ("oc<-iiiiitm (( '. /'/'■///<)•/ of Laidn'O. It is s)>licvi(al. atioiil 17 /' In ilianu'tcr. 



■^ 'I'lic correct name oi llii> parasitu i.-> Eiimria sticdce Lindcnianii. 



