726 iJit. II. n. lANTiiAM (ix [^[iiy3, 



nucleus consists of two or more lolics anil vniii's in shape — in 

 other worils, is polynioi-phous. The nucleus is fairly well staineil 

 with Jenner's stain and is coarsely reticular (figs. 10-12). The 

 c}toplasm stains very faintly. 



Euiliedded in the general cytoplasm are a number of l)odies or 

 graiiul*^s which stain red with Jenner's stain and are oxy2)hilic. 

 The bodies are generally described as spindle-shaped with 

 tapering ends, but their outline has also been compared with that 

 of a ti)rpe(lo or cigar (fig. 11). Othei- leucocytes are found with 

 thinner inclusions or "granules" which are rod-like in sha})e 



(fig. 10). 



Cullen (1903) writes: "As to the nature and rn-igin of these 

 spindles [inclusions in the cytoplasm of the leucocytes] very little 

 is known that is definite. They are certainly not artifacts, for 

 they can be seen in fresh blood :is well as in dried specimens. 

 Dr. Simon is of the opinion that they may be derived from the 

 second variety [the coarsely eosinophile leucocytes, mentioned 

 next], in which granides take the place of spindles; that they 

 are cry.stalloids and analogous to similar formations that have 

 been encountered in certain tissues in man, and notably in the 

 epithelial cells of the seminal tubules. He thinks tluit they 

 result from the gi-anules through loss of water, and as a matter 

 of fact it is possible to reconvert the crystalloids into granules 

 in the wet preparation by adding a droplet of a ililute solution of 

 eosin from the side of the cover-glass. Dr. Simon has also noted 

 that in certain p)repa.rations in which the eosinophilic material 

 is present in one dense, apparently undifterentiated mass, the 

 crystalloids separate out upon the application of heat." 



In a few cases, the centre of the spindle bodies is occupie<l by 

 a tiny circle or dot, which does not stain as deeply as the rest of 

 the spindle and is refringent (fig. 12). The presence of this 

 central dot is noticeable in the case of large spindles. 



As regards the .staining properties of the spindle bodies (crystal- 

 loids), I agree with Burnett that they ai'e not intensely eosino- 

 philic, but that "in atfinity for stains the [spindle] granules 

 re.send)le the polymorphs rather than the eosinoi)hiles." Cullen, 

 on the other hand, considers that the crystalloids are more 

 oxyphilic than the true eosinophile leucocytes. Perha]is the 

 dillerences of opinion of the various insestigators are exjilicablo 

 by reference to slight variation in the stains used. 



The distribution of the cytoplasmic inclusions within the cell 

 is dependent on the shape and jiosition of the nucleus. 



4. KoKinnpliile leacoci/te.s (Hurnett) or coarsely ijranvlar eosino- 

 phils (o.ri/phile) cells. — These cells are also jiresent in the blood of 

 normal giouse (figs. 13-15), but are more numerous in the blood 

 of birds suffering from helminthiasis. The eosiuojihile cells are 

 fi-oin 8 /n to 10 /( in diametei', and have a general I'csemblance to 

 the ])(ilvmi)rphonuclear leucoeyti's. only iliU'criiig in 1 lie form of 

 the inclusions or graiudes. 



