864 Mu. K. 1. roC'oCK ox the [June 14, 



1 have examined two fresh examiiles, male ami female, of this 

 species, and can entloise what Hodjijson says with regard to the 

 absence of the preorhital glaml, though its position was marked 

 by a small patch of nnked skin. 1 found, however, no trace of 

 inguinal glantls, iind Hodgscm himself admits that the pores 

 (invaginations) ai-e " vague." Perhaps the glands he found were 

 mammary glands. As for the pedal glanils, 1 discovered on the 

 fore feet of one s])ecimen fa female) a \ery small invagination 

 dipping into a subcutaneous glan<lidar patch, exactly like the 

 gland desci'ibed above as occasionally occurring in Goats. On the 

 hind feet a similar small pocket was present, but there was appa- 

 rently no difl'erentiated gland. In a full-grown male thei'e was no 

 trace of the gland or the invagination on any of the feet. Except 

 that the interdigital depression is perhajis a little shallower, the 

 feet do not differ structurally from those of Goats. The depression 

 is covered with long hairs, the tips of which overhang the margin 

 of the nail ; only the bridge of skin holding the heels together is 

 naked. The })ractical suppression of all the glands found in typical 

 Sheep is, in nw opinion, ample justification for regarding the Bharal 

 as the type of a genus distinct from Oris, quite apai-t fi'om other 

 structural differences such as those supplied by the skull. Whether 

 or not Pseudois can be distinguished from Capra, to which it is 

 linked by one of the races of C. ci/lindricornis^ is another matter. 



Genus Oaimia Linn. (Text-tig. 90, B.) 



All authors seem to agree that the preorbital and inguinal 

 glands are invariably alisent in this genus ; but there is no such 

 nnanimity as regards the pedal glands. According to Ogilby they 

 are present ; whereas Hodgson says they are either altogether 

 wanting, or present only on the fore feet, and Isidore Geoffroy* 

 states that they are vei-y rarel}^ present. Hodgson i-ecords their 

 occurrence on the foi-e feet in specimens of three distinct breeds of 

 domesticated Indian Goats, namely theChyapu, the 8inal, and the 

 Dtigu. He gives, moreover, an illustration of an extracteil gland, 

 which sliows it to be of the same general structure as in 81ieep, 

 although relatively smaller +. 



Having examined the feet of many English (Joats killed 

 in the Society's Gardens for food, I can endorse the accuracy of 

 Hodgson's statement that the glands are absent in the hind feet 

 and piesent or absent in the front feet. In the latter, however, 

 they aie much more commonly absent than present, and I have 

 never found them so well developed as Hodgson represents +. 

 They are, when present, represented by a sliallow pocketdike 

 invagination l)earing a few shoit hairs, those that pi'otrude from 

 the orifice being stuck together with secret ion. This invagination 



* Hist. Nat. giin. iii. p. 135. 



t .]. A. S. Bengal, xvi. i)t. ii. j)]). lOUMOSl!, 1H17. 



X Max Tt'iniK-l also only occasionally Coinul an alioitcd gland in Domesticated 

 Goats. 



