1910.] CUTANEOUS SCENT-GLANDS OF RUMINANTS. 879 



pouch, recalling tlint of Madoqita phillipsii, except that the 

 orifice is much smaller in consequence of the ridge-like lower rim. 

 This rim seems to be developed in connection with the vertical 

 position of the feet when the animal stands, not only increasing the 

 size and strength of the interdigital union, but serving to check 

 the otherwise uninterrupted downward flow of the secretion from 

 the gland by forming a barrier, above which it accumulates. The 

 pocket of the gland is somewhat sparsely lined with short hairs ; 

 those on the upstanding lower rim of its orifice are longer, serving 

 to conduct the secretion outwards, as in Jlahoqtia. It is noticeable 

 that in Ehaphicerus campestris and Madoqua phillipsii the entire 

 interdigital integument is covered with hair, there being no naked 

 space behind the heel-tie such as is seen in the species of C'epha- 

 lophina3 examined by me. The deep depression between the 

 penultimate phalanges of the foot into which the gland opens 

 resembles that of Sheep and Goats. 



On the dry skin I can find no trace either of preorbital or 

 inguinal glands, and there appears to be a single pair of teats. 



Messrs. Sclater and Thomas, though apparently not without 

 misgivings ('Book of Antelopes,' iii. pp. 1, 2, 1897), placed this 

 Antelope in the subfamily Antilopinse, " near the Gazelles," and 

 considered as " superficial " the " resemblance it bears to certain 

 members of the subfamily Neotraginee." It appears to me, how- 

 ever, that its afiinities, as attested by the horns, skull, inuzzle, and 

 coloration, not to mention the apparent absence of inguinal glands 

 and the structure of the pedal glands, are more Madoquine than 

 Gazelline. 



Using the feet and preorbital gland as a basis, these two genera 

 may be distinguished as follows : — 



a. Hoofs more or less elongate, with normal sole and heels ; heel- 

 tie formed by a simple'fold of integument ; a preorbital gland 

 present ; Madoqwa. 



a'. Hoofs short, with pad-like soles and heels ; heel-tie forming a 

 double fold, the anterior fold projecting as a ridge constituting 

 a kind of lower lip to the orifice of the pedal gland ; no pre- 

 orbital gland Dorcotrm/HS. 



Subfamily IST E o T R A g i N .E. 



Genus Raphicerus H. Sm. 



Raphicerus CAMPESTRIS Thunb. { = Pediotragi(s tragulus). 



(The Steinbok.) (Text-fig. 98.) 



The presence of preorbital and inguinal glands was recorded by 

 Owen ; and according to Max Weber, who cites the species under 

 the names Fediotragus tragulus and rufescens, the preorbital 

 glands are present in both sexes. 



Of this species I have examined two old stuflied examples, 

 which the Committee of the Bristol Museum and Art Gallery 

 kindly permitted Mr. Herbert Bolton, F.R.S.E., F.Z.S., the 

 Curator, to send to me. 



