1910.] CUTANEOUS SCENT-GLANDS OF RUMINANTS. 887 



Subfamily ANTiLOPiNiE. 



Genus Gazella Licht. (Text-figs. 102, 103, 104, A-C.) 



According to Owen, the following species of Gazella have large 

 preorbital glands and inguinal pits : — G. dorcas, subguttarosa, 

 bennettii, a7xcbica, Soemmering ii, 7nhor, ruficollis, ritfifrons {ke- 

 vella)*. With these he contrasts coZms axid guttwosa as having 

 small preorbital glands. 



Ogilby states that this genus has distinct and movable preoi-bital 

 glands, very large pedal and inguinal glands, and one pair of 

 mamma?. 



Hodgson examined G. dorcas and G. bennettii. He coi-rectly 

 says of the former that it possesses distinct preorbital glands, 

 large pedal glands on all four feet, and large and distinct inguinal 

 glands. Of G. bennettii, on the contrary, he asserts that the pre- 

 orbital glands are absent, and he consequently erected the genus 

 Tragops for its reception. Blanford and others, however, say 

 that these glands are present in G. bennettii, an observation quite 

 in accord with my own. 



Of the genus Gazella I have examined one or more specimens 

 of the following species : — 



G. bennettii. Several examples of both sexes, mostly from 

 Persia. 



G. sihbgutturosa. One male and one female from Meshed. 



G. marica. Two males from Central Arabia. 



G. muscatensis. Several specimens from South Arabia. 



G. dorcas. An adult pair from Egypt. 



G. pelzelni (?). One quite young female from Somaliland. 



G. cuvieri. One old female from Morocco. 



G. rufifrons. One young male from Senegal. 



G. scemmeringii. One skin of an adult male lent by Mr, E. 

 Gerrard. 



So constant in structure and occurrence are all the glands that 

 a detailed description of them, as exhibited by each species, is 

 unnecessary. 



The preorbital gland is valvular. When closed it has the 

 form of a vertical slit of black nearly hairless skin extending 

 downwards from a point a little in front of the anterior 

 corner of the eye. When opened to its fullest extent, it appears 

 as a subcircular patch of skin, scantily beset with short hairs, and 

 marked with a shallow central depression, which is, in reality, the 

 bottom of the invaginated pocket. The gland itself, when 

 extracted from the preorbital pit of the skull, is seen to consist of 

 a black integumental thickening formed I'ound the invagination. 

 In the case of G. dorcas I found that the inner surface of the 

 pocket had about seven large holes, from whicli, under pressure, 



* I infer that rufifrons is the species cited by Owen under the name "kevella," 

 because he gives Senegal as its localitj". 



