960 MR. u. I. rococK ox the [June 14, 



was much thickei- and deeper, the two halves of the hoof of the 

 front foot being evidently much more strongly united than those 

 of tlio hind foot. As in the latter, the whole interungual tie was 

 thickly covered with long hairs, this hairy clothing constituting 

 a marked difl'erence between the feet of the Moose and those of 

 the Red Deer group, and showing equally marked similarity 

 between the Moose, Roebuck, Reindeer, and typical American 

 Deer. 



Genus Rangifer Frisch. 



Rangifer taraxdus Linn. (The Reindeer.) 

 (Text-lig. 138.) 



According to Ogilby, this Deer has large preorbital and small 

 pedal glands. Max Tempel shows that there is a well-developed 

 glandular pocket on the hind foot, l)ut none on the front foot. 

 My own observations are completely in accord with this. 



The only material of this species 1 have been able to examine 

 was the fore and hind feet of the Caribou [R. tarandus caribou) 

 lent to me by Mr. Gerrard, and the fore foot of a second 

 example received from Messrs. Rowland Ward, Ltd. 



The tarsal gland consisted of a ]ax"ge area of thickened skin 

 covered with a mat of long coarse white hairs without underwool, 

 the bases of the hairs lieing clogged with colourless scurfy 

 secretion. 



The pedal gland opened l)y a large orifice on the front of the 

 pastern some distance above the })roximal edge of tlie hoof. The 

 orifice led into a deep subcylindrical pocket, the deeper end of 

 which extended obliquely backwards an<l upwards in the direction 

 of the false hoofs. The cavity of this sac was filled with long 

 hairs, all directed towards the orifice and stained yellow, and a 

 well-marked dark-coloured secieting layer enveloped the walls of 

 the sac within the pastern. The interungual web Avas very short, 

 and was situated some distance from the heels towards the 

 proximal end of the hoof in fi'ont, forming in section a semi- 

 elliptical figure. Like the back and the front of the pastern, it 

 was thickly covered throughout with long hair. 



The front foot was, in a, general Avay, like the hind foot, but 

 had no trace of the glandular pocket, and the interungual web 

 was even less extensive and still further removed from the heels. 



The resemblances between the glands of the feet of the Rein- 

 deer and those of the Roe (Caprenlns) or Brocket (Mazama) are 

 inimistakable, and are quite in accord with Sir Victor Brooke's 

 view of the I'elationship between these Deer. 



Writing of the foot of the Reindeer, Flower and Lydekker 

 remark : — " The cleft between the two main hoofs is very deep, 

 so that these hoofs can be spread out as the animal traverses the 

 snow-clad regions in which it dwells" (' Mammalia,' p. 325, 1891). 

 This expression, although true in a sense, by no means conveys 

 an accurate impression of the cause of the potential expansion of 



