1910.] THREE AFRICAN BUFFALOES. 997 



at an angle of almost exactly 4;")"" with tlie uiiddle line of the skull 

 for some distance, after which the horns are curved inwards in m 

 regular sweep, so that the tips (which are quite unworn in the 

 specimens) are directed inwards in a nearly horizontal plane. 

 In my judgment, this type of horn is quite distinct from that of 

 both B. c. nanus and B. c. planiceros. 



Thus matters stood till 1907, when Prince E. Demidofi" pre- 

 sented to the British Museum the head of an immature bull 

 BuiFalo belonging to one of the little-known I'eddish races, shot 

 by his brother, the late Prince Paul Demidofi', somewhere in the 

 interior of the French Congo. The immature condition of the 

 horns in this specimen (text-lig. 148) is extremely unfortunate, 

 and led me at first to the conclusion that they indicated a short- 

 horned riice, with a large interval on the forehead between the 

 horns of opposite sides, and a horn-curvature which would probably 

 grow into that of hrach//ceros ; but a specimen from the same 

 district shown me by Mr. Rowland Ward proves this to be wrong. 

 In colour the abundant hair of Prince Demidoff's specimen is de- 

 cidedly darker than that of the bull nanus from Ashanti exhibited! 

 in the Museum; its general tint being tawny bi'own, tending to 

 blackish or black on the muzzle and chin. The most characteristic 

 feature of the specimen is, however, the colour of the excessively 

 abundant fringe of long hair on the margin of the ears. At the 

 base of the upper edge the colour of these hairs is light yellowish 

 chestnut ; but on the remainder of the same margin, together 

 Avith most of the lower ones, the hairs are black, with two small 

 flecks of straw-colour near the middle of the lower border and a 

 larger patch near the base of the same. In these respects 

 the ear-fringes differ in colour from those of B. c. names. The 

 specimen shown me by Mr. Ward is an older bull, in which 

 the colour of the hair is bright red, while the horns, although 

 smaller and more separated on the forehead, are of the type of 

 those of B. c. typicus. This head indicates a race allied to oi- 

 identical with my B. c. cottoni from the Semliki (P. Z. S. 1906, 

 p. 996). 



Postscript. — Since this paper was read I have received evidence 

 of the existence of another, and very well-defined, race of dwarf 

 Buftalo, iidiabiting the Yala district of South Nigeria, and 

 characterised by the bulls being brownish black and the cows 

 dun or khaki-col oared. Heads of a bull and cow were brought 

 home Ijy Mr. J. H. L. Thompson, of the Duke of Wellington's 

 Regiment, and have been mounted at Mr. Rowland Wai-d's 

 establishment. Mr. Thompson informs me that the bulls of this 

 race stand from 3 ft. 6 in to 4 ft. at the withers, and that they 

 are short-legged and heavily built animals. In the adults of 

 both sexes the legs are light-coloured from the knees and hocks 

 to the hoofs. The calves are dark grey. 



My informant also states that there occurs a larger race of 

 Proc. Zool. Soc— 1910, No. LXV. 65 



