SCIENCE. 



[Vol. XXI. No. 525 



Since January, 1892, all of the thermometers verified at the 

 Central Physical Observatory at St. Petersburg have been referred 

 to the hydrogen gas thermometer at Sevres as a standard. 



The thermometers verified between January, 1877, and January, 

 1892, require the following (additional) corrections, in order to 

 reduce their readings to this standard: — 



Temperature. 

 -1-40° C. 

 4- 35 

 + 30 

 -t-25 

 + 20 

 + 15 

 + 10 



+ 5 

 



— 5 



— 10 



— 15 



— 20 

 -25 



— 30 

 -35 



— 40 

 -45 



— 50 

 -55 



— 60 C. 

 I wish also to mention the differential thermometer corrections 



described by Leyst in Wild's Repertorium fur Meteorologie, 

 Band. XIV., in which the temperature of the thread of mercury, 

 when read, is different from that of the bulb, to which it is re- 

 ferred. Two cases are cited. 1. For a maximum thermometer, 

 with separated thread (as, for instance, the Negretti and Zambra 

 form), the thermometer is read at a different temperature from 

 that at the time of maximum temperature, when the separation 

 took place. For the ground-surface temperature at Nukuss, Leyst 

 finds for a summer day a correction of + 0.73" C, and that for 

 the average of three summer months a correction of 4- 0.51° C. 

 must be applied to counteract this error. For the air tempera- 

 tures the corrections ranged from -i- 0.10° C. to -|- 0.20° C. in the 

 cases cited by Leyst. 2. The temperature of the thread of mer- 

 cury and that of the bulb is not the same in the case of the wet- 

 bulb thermometer, when the difference in the temperatures of the 

 wet- and dry-bulb thermometers does not vanish. Ordinarily, the 

 thread is warmer than the mercury in the bulb. At a tempera- 

 ture of 30° C, and a humidity of 50 per cent, there was a correc- 

 tion of - 0.30° C, which means, for this case, an error of 0.5 

 millimeters in the absolute humidity, and of 2 per cent in the 

 relative humidity. 



TO ANTHROPOLOGISTS. 



Depaetment M of the World's Columbian Exposition includes 

 all subdivisions of anthropology and history, although generally 

 known as the "Department of Ethnology." 



The anthropological portion of the department is subdivided 

 into the following principal sections: 



1. The Ethnogi-aphical Exhibition of Native American Peo- 

 ples, The representatives of these peoples will be living in their 

 aative habitations on the grounds set apart for the purpose along 

 the eastern shore of the Lagoon immediately north of the An- 

 thropological Building. 



3. The general Ethnological Exhibit in the building. 



3. The general Arcbseological Exhibit in the building, and the 

 casts of the several portions of the ancient ruins of X^catan on 

 the grounds in front of the main northern entrance to the An- 

 thropological Building. 



4. The general Exhibit of Ancient Religions, Games, and Folk- 

 lore. 



5. The Anthropological Laboratories on the northern gallery 



of the building. These laboratories will include special rooms de- 

 voted to physical anthropology, criminal anthropology, psy- 

 chology, and neurology, and will be furnished with instruments 

 and apparatus used in research, which will be carried on during 

 the Exposition. The laboratories will also contain diagrams, 

 charts, and tables illustrating various researches, particularly 

 those relating to the physical characteristics of the native Ameri- 

 can peoples, and the comparison of the same with other races. 

 There will also be diagrams illustrating the physical characteris- 

 tics and the mental and physical development of school children 

 in North America. 



6. An Anthropological library covering all subdivisions of an- 

 thropology and allied sciences. For the purpose of making this 

 library as perfect as possible and to enable students and educators 

 to become acquainted with the mass of literature upon the sub- 

 ject, it is expected that authors, societies, museums, and pub- 

 lishers will contribute titeir books and papers relating to anthro- 

 pology or any of its subdivisions, such as archaeology, physical 

 anthropology, psychology, neurology, ethnology, ethnography, 

 primitive and ancient religions, myths, legends, folk-lore, lan- 

 guages, primitive art, primitive manufactures, etc., etc. The 

 transactions, memoirs, journals, and prof-eedings of anthropo- 

 logical, ethnological, and archasological societies and museums, 

 and the special papers ("reprints," " separata ") of authors, are 

 particularly desirable. There will be printed as soon as possible 

 a full subject and author catalogue of the library. This catalogue 

 will receive a wide circulation, and as it is intended that it shall 

 be a reference catalogue for students and libraries, the publisher 

 and price of each book and paper known to be for sale in any 

 country will be given. The library will be carefully and prop- 

 erlj' arranged in book-cases in the room devoted to it, and will 

 be under the special charge of assistants of the department, 

 who will permit the volumes and papers to be referred to in the 

 room and will give information as to their price and how to ob- 

 tain them of agents, societies, and publishers. It will thus be 

 seen that it is the intention to make known through this library 

 the works of all writers upon anthropology so far as possible 

 and that thousands of persons specially or cursorily interested in 

 the subject will have an unrivalled opportunity of finding just 

 the books and papers they wish to obtain. 



The library will, after the close of the Exposition, be placed in 

 the permanent Memorial Museum of Science, which is to be estab- 

 lished in Chicago. It is therefore particularly requested that 

 each contribution be sent to the Anthropological Library with a 

 presentation slip stating that it is presented to the Columbus Me- 

 morial Museum, and the same will be duly acknowledged by the 

 proper authorities when placed in the Museum Library after the 

 close of the Exposition. In cases that may occur when contribu- 

 butions to the library are sent for use during the Exposition only, 

 all such books or papers must be distinctly indicated by the 

 words " to be returned " written over the name and address of 

 the owner or sender, and all so marked will be returned free of 

 expense at the close of the Exposition. Every book and paper 

 should be marked with the name and postofiSce address of the 

 sender. The books and papers should be sent by mail unless too 

 bulky, in which case by express, and should be addressed. World's 

 Columbian Exposition, Department M, Anthropological Building, 

 Chicago, 111. 



GOLDSMITHS INSTITUTE ENGINEERING SOCIETY. 



SIR FREDERICK BRAMWELL's PRESIDENTIAL ADDRESS. 



At the opening meeting of the session of the above society the 

 president gave his inaugural address. Mr. Lincham occupied 

 the chair, and, after an introduction. Sir Frederick said : — 



Mr. Lincham, ladies, and gentlemen : I am much flattered at 

 being selected as president of the Goldsmiths Institute Engineer- 

 ing Society. I am an old member of the Goldsmiths Company, 

 having been connected with it some fifty years, and am a past- 

 prime-warden. 1 have to congratulate you upon the progress you 

 have made, and am informed that, though your society has been 

 in existence but a few months, you now number over 100 mem- 

 bers You have two principal objects in view, one of which only 



