SCIENCE. 



[Vol. XXI. No. 525 



siders far older than the Lyciaii. The Etruscan numerals on the 

 celebrated Toscanelli dice he reads: l,mach; 2,ki; 3, zal; 4, sa ; 

 5, thu ; 6, huth ; agreeing in this with Taylor, but at variance 

 with Professor Sayce, who, in the Academy, Oct. 15, 1893, pre- 

 fers the following sequence: makh, huth, sa, ki, thu, zal. Pro- 

 fessor Newman does not think the Etruscan language either 

 Aryan or Semitic, but does not proceed farther in its identifica- 

 tion, indulging himself in this connection with the following com- 

 ment on the procedures of another Etruscan student: " Mr. Isaac 

 Taylor treats all languages outside of these two systems as if so 

 specii'ly alliei, that he may at pleasure interpret the vocables of 

 any one from any other, and this however diflferent the ages of 

 the two." Other subjects treated are Etruscan concord, words 

 for bronze and brass, attempted translations of epitaphs, the 

 meaning of kle and kal, etc. Most of this he frankly calls 

 "guessing "; but it is guessing by a method. 



The second pamphlet is a reprint from the Proceedings of the 

 American Philosophical Society. Dr. Brinton has published 

 various papers intended to show some ethnic affinity or cultural 

 connection between the Etruscans and the Libyans. Here he 

 takes up the venerable song of the Fratres Arvales — probably 

 the oldest literary monument of Roman antiquity — and seeks to 

 show the indications it presents of a connection with the Berber 

 religions of North Africa. Of course, much of his argument 

 turns on the third line of the song : 



Satur fufere Mars limen sali sta Berber ; 

 for which he accepts the rendering of Professor Michel Breal: 

 Sata tutere, Mars ; clemens satis esto, Berber. 



Berber, he points out, is but the reduplication of Ver or Ber, 

 whom Varro mentions as the chief divinity of the Etruscans; a 

 deity who under the same name occupied the same position in 

 the Libyan pantheon, and from whom the name Berber is de- 

 rived, as well as the word Africa (A-fer-ica). The coincidence, 

 if it is nothing more, is a most curious one, and it would certainly 



seem that the Etruscans borrowed their gods from Africa, if 

 they did not come from there themselves. 



Theory of Structures and of Strength of Materials. By Henry 

 T. BovEY. New York, J. Wiley & Sons, 1893. 817 p. 8°. 

 17.50. 

 Canadian authors have been neither numerous nor productive, 

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CALENDAR OF SOCIETIES. 



New York Academy of Sciences. 



Feb. 27.— H. Carrington Bolton, Progress 

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