May 



12, 



1893.] 



SCIENCE. 



265 



long list of these is simply appalling. In spile of many improve- 

 ments, their number even in recent years is not small, although, 

 as a rule, they are not quite as disastrous as they formerly were. 

 Over 5,500 lives have been lost from this cause in England alone 

 between 1850 and 1889. We can commend the volume to all 

 persons interested in the subject of coal and coal mining. 



J. F. J. 



The Student's Handbook of Physical Geology. By A . J. Jukes- 

 Browne. Second edition, revised. London and New York, 

 G. Bell. 1892. 666 p. 8°. 

 The breadth of view expressed in the preparation of this ex- 

 cellent text-book makes it more worthy of notice in an American 

 journal than most English books are. Its illustrations, both 

 verbal and graphic, are of course largely British ; but so many 

 examples are taken from other parts of the world that its insular 

 origin is not prominent. Its various chapters suggest many of 

 the newer points of geological view; its style is simple and easy, 

 inciting the student to further reading than the end of his lesson. 

 As is the case with most text-books on geology, the trtratment 

 of the chapters on sedimentary deposits and on the origin of 

 valleys shows clearly how much later an understanding was 

 reached in the latter than in the former subject. Stratified rocks 

 are described as if they were manifestly the product of aqueous 

 deposition; but the origin of valleys by aqueous denudation is 

 carefully argued out, with a series of proofs. Buried valleys are 

 mentioned before drowned vallejs, although the natural order of 

 occurrence is the other way. From my own greater interest in 

 physiographic geology than in the other chapters of the book, my 

 attention is naturally directed towards that part of the subject, 

 especially as the author recognizes it as a primary division »f the 

 science. While its treatment is greatly in advance of that which 

 it commonly receives, it still leaves something to be desired 

 before it shall be commensurate with its importance and with the 

 treatment of other equally important but more attentively con- 

 sidered chapters. For example, it is implied that anticlines are 



normally transformed into valleys, and synclines into moun- 

 tains; while it is easily shown that this transformation is not 

 dependent on the attitude hut on the hardness of the beds in- 

 volved in the folding and on their relation to base-level. Again, 

 in the discussion of sub-aerial denudation and the origin of val- 

 leys, no reference is made to the completion of the task of valley- 

 making ia the base-levelling of the region; and plains of denuda- 

 tion are referred to only as a product of marine erosion. 



The book may be warmly recommended for the reference 



shelves of school libraries, and until the variety of American 



text-books of geology is increased, it will doubtless share with 



Geikie's smaller "Geology " a place in our schools and colleges. 



W. M. D. 



One of the largest cases in the Century Company's room at 

 the World's Fair is devoted to an exhibit of " how a dictionary is 

 made." Beginning with a copy of the very earliest English dic- 

 tionary, BuUokar's "English Expositor," printed in London in 

 1616, a half-dozen of the important dictionaries of the past are 

 shown, up to Bailey's, Johnson's, and the Imperial, the latter of 

 which was the basis of the Century Dictionarr. The exhibit in- 

 cludes a copy of the edition of Bailey's which was the first to 

 include cuts, or "engraven schemes," as they are called on the 

 title-page. In order to picture the growth of the language, es- 

 pecially in scientific lines, each book is open at the words begin- 

 ning with " micro," of which in the first dictionary there is but 

 one word, " microcosmus," while in the Century there are eight 

 pages of the compounds of "micro." These eight pages, from 

 the first manuscript, through the various proofs (showing addi- 

 tions and corrections) up to the finished dictionary, form the ex- 

 hibit, with the addition of plates, original pictures, engravings on 

 wood, and the manusciipt and proofs of the word "take." With 

 the latter are the quotations and definitions, used and unused, 

 handed in by readers. The entry under " take" occupies about 

 twelve columns in the dictionary, but it will be seen that not more 

 than half of the material gathered was finally used. 



ATonic 



For Brain-Workers, the Weak and 

 Debilitated. 



Horsford's Acid Phosphate 



is without exception the Best 

 Remedy for relieving Mental 

 and Nervous Exhaustion ; and 

 where the system has become 

 debilitated by disease, it acts as 

 a general tonic and vitalizer, 

 affording sustenance to both 

 brain and body. 



Dr. J. C. Wilson, Philadelphia, Pa., 

 says: " I have used it as a general tonic, 

 and in particular in the debility and 

 dyspepsia of overworked men, with sat- 

 isfactory results." 



Descriptive pamphlet free. 

 Ramford Chemical Works. Providence, R. I. 



Beware of Substitutes and Imitations. 



Exchanges. 



[Freeof charge to all, if of satisfactory character. 



Address N. D. C. Hodges, 874 Broadway, New York.l 



I have 500 microscopic slides to exchange in lots 

 to suit. Want Kodak, first-class field-glass or 

 scientific books. A. C. GruhUie, Waterloo, Ind. 



Texas Plants. I will collect sets of plants repre- 

 sented in this region of Texas, either for sale or 

 for exchange for literature, for anyone who will 

 send me an order in time to fill it. Plants to be 

 ready complete in November. C. F. Maxwell, Box 

 174, Dublin, Texas. 



For sale or exchange— A Telescope (36 diameters, 

 copper barrel) — for &20 cash or scientific books of 

 that value. A. N. Somers, La Porte, Ind. 



For sale— A complete set of the Reports of the 

 Second Geological Survey of Pa., 1874-1893, includ- 

 ingthe Grand Atlas. Pubhsher'sprioeoverSllS. Will 

 sell for S50. Address P. D. Chester, Newark, Del. 



The undersigned has skins of Pennsylvania and 

 New Jersey birds, as well as other natural history 

 specimens: which he wishes to exchange for ma- 

 rine, fresh water, and earthworms of the South and 

 West. Correspondence with collectors desired. 

 J. Percy Moore, School ot Biology, University of 

 Pennsylvania, Philadelphia. 



For sale or exchange. — I have a Caligraph type- 

 writer (No. 2) in perfect order and nearly new. It 

 is in a heavy leather, plush-lined office case, the 

 whole costing me about S10O. I desire to obtain for 

 it, either by sale or exchange, anew. No, 5 "Kodak" 

 camera, with six double feather-weight plate-hold- 

 ers and the latest pattern of their tripod. The lens 

 and pneumatic time-shutter must also be the same 

 as those now sold with the last No, 5 Kodak. The 

 price of what I desire in exchange is $78. Address, 

 for particulars, P. O. Box 314, Takoma, District of 

 Columbia. 



For sale or exchange. — One good long range Rem- 

 ington B. L. rifle. 44 calibre, also land and fresh 

 water, and marine shells. Want shells. Safety, 

 camera or printing press. A. H. Boies, Hudson, 

 Mich. 



For sale — A Zentmayer new model U. S. Army 

 Hospital monocular stand. Price SllO, will sell for 

 S75. Address H. C. Wells, No. 151 Broadway, New 



Wa}iis. 



WANTED, as principal of a flourishing technical 

 school, a gentleman of education and experi- 

 ence who will be capable of supervising both me- 

 chanical and common school instruction. Special 

 familiarity with some technical branch desirable. 

 Address, giving age, qualifications, etc., J. B. Bloom- 

 ingdale. Fifty-ninth street and Third avenue, N Y 



WANTED.— A young man as assistant in our 

 microscopical department. Queen & Co 

 Philadelphia. 



THE undersigned desires specimens of North 

 American Gallinae in the flesh for the study of 

 their pterylosis. These species are especially de- 

 sired: Colinus ridgwuyi, cyrtonyx montezumae, 

 deudragapusfranklini, lagopus welch i, tynipanuckus 

 cupido a,nd pedioecetes phasianelhts. Any persons 

 having alcoholic specimens which they are willing 

 to loan or who can obtain specimens of any of the 

 above are requested to communicate with Hubert 

 Lyman Clark, 3982 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pa. 



A 



COMPETENT TEACHER of botany in coUege 

 or university is open to engagement;. Address 

 Bos 86, Rochester, Mich. 



CAN any one inform me as to the age to which 

 cats have lived? I have one twenty years old. 

 Edward D. Webb, 132 W . Eighty-first St., New York. 



WANTED — Second-hand. Foster's Physiology, 

 Balfour's Comparative Embryology, Claus & 

 Sed^ick's Zoology. Flower's Osteology of Mam- 

 malia, Vine's Physiology of Plants. Please state 

 editions and prices asked and address Richard 

 Lees Brampton, Ontario, Canada 



A GRADUATE ENGINEER will give instructiOD 

 evenings in geometry, trigonometry and sur- 

 veying, mechanics, physics, mechanical drawing 

 and general engineering" construction. Five years' 

 experience in field and editorial work on engineer- 

 ing journal. References furnished. C. S. H., 102 

 Tribune Building. New York. 



THE ARCHAEOLOGIST. 



An Illustrated Monthly Magazine devoted ex- 

 clusively to American Archaeology and Anthro- 

 pology. Subscription price, one dollar a year. 

 Sample copies free. . 



The Arcbaeologlst, Waterloo, Ind. 



