720 BULLETIN UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY. [Voir. 



"1803-1818" Levaillant, F.— Continued. 



Ois. de VAfrique), which wa8 announced in 1801 to appear in parts, with 240 plates ■ only one 

 volume of that, however, came out, with 49 plates. That was, in effect, two monographs of 

 the Bucerotidce and Gotingidce,- and the present Iconography continues the same system of 

 monographing successive groups of birds; though, unfortunately, the author's groups do not 

 correspond with any recognized modern families. 



Volume I is consecutively paged and the plates are continuously numbered throughout 

 It has two Parts. The first is a monograph of Paradiseidce, the second of Coraaiidce, Momo- 

 tidce, certain Corvidce, etc. 



Volume II, titled identically with Vol. I, and likewise with a continuous pagination and 

 consecutive numbering of plates throughout, has several monographs, of Rhamphastidce 

 Oapitonidce, Bucconidce, Galbulidce, etc. ' 



Vol. m is less homogeneous. In the first place, the several memoirs are separately paged 

 and their respective series of plates are separately enumerated. In the next place it has 

 supplementary matter relating to the subjects treated in the two preceding volumes-this 

 supplement being paged continuously with the last part of the main text, and its plates being 

 lettered instead of numbered. There are three "Parts" in this Volume:-!. Promerops (a 

 misceUaneous assortment, Gerthia, etc.). 2. Meropidce. 2. Trogonidce and Musophagidce. 



I indicate thus the general bearing of the several treatises which compose this Iconography 

 though, as already said, few if any of LevaiUant's groups correspond exactly with modern 

 families. 



Owing to its extensive and varied composition the work is not an easy one to cite tersely; 

 and it is to be found quoted in such various and loose fashion as to couvey the impression 

 that there are as many distinct works as there are monographs in the single one. Figures 

 and descriptions had best be all cited by the leading words "Ois. be Pakad.", giving Vol. I, 

 II, ni, as the case may be, and in the instance of the last volume citing also name of the 

 monograph or supplement. 



The date of the work is in endless question. I have never yet been able to fix it. The 

 date on the titles of all three of the volumes is the same, 1806; but the work appeared in 

 parts, during several years. According to Engelmann, there were 33 livraisons, running from 

 1803 to 1818; hut he gives no sufScient particulars. The date is of less consequence, how- 

 ever, as the author uses no scientific names, and therefore raises no question of priority of 

 nomenclature. 



The number of plates is ostensibly .56 + 57 + 32+ 20 + 20 + 11 = 196, but there may be some 

 interpolations. Engelmann gives 198. I have not made the actual count. 

 1815. Traill, T. S. Some Ob.servations on the Bill of the Toucan ; in a Letter to the 

 Right Hon. Sir Joseph Ban^vS, Bart., K. B. P. R. S. H. M. L. S. < Trans. Unn. 

 Soc, xi, pt. ii, 1815, pp. 288, 289. 



Controverting the notion of its hollowness ; noting its great vascularity, and probable use 

 as a delicate organ of smell. 



1818. Traill, T. S. Tukanschnabel, von Sf. [lege T. S. ] Traill. < Oken's Isis, Jahrg. , 

 ii, 1818, pp. 1921, 1922. 

 From Tr. Linn. Soc, si, 1815, p. 288, q. v. 

 1820. SwAixsoN, W. Description of two new Birds of the genus Pteroglossus. 

 < Quart. Joiirn. Sci. Lit. and Art, Eoy. Inst., ix, 1820, pp. 266-268. 

 If ot seen. The species are Pt. torquatus, p. — , and Pt. suleatus, p. — . 

 1825. Broderip, W. J. Observations on the Manners of a live Toucan [Ehamphastos 

 erythrorhynchus], now exhibited in this country. < Zool. Joiirn., i 1825 no 

 484-488; also p. 591. ' ^' 



1825. Lesson, E.P. Observations sur los habitudes et la manifere de vivre d'uu Tou- 



can qu'on montre actuelleiuent en Angleterre; par W. J. Broderip. 

 <,Feruss. Bull., 2^ sect., ^d, 1825, p. 413. 

 Zool. Journ., Janvier 1825, pp. 484-488. 



1826. Vigors, N.A. On some species of the Ramphastidte. <iZool. Journ., ii,1826, 



pp. 466-483, pi. suppl. 17. 



This is a subhead of a much more extensive paper, entitled " Sketches m Ornithology;" 

 &c., which runs through several vols, and years of the periodical cited. 



Here occur the descriptions of Rawphastos ariel, p. 466, and Pteroglossus bitorquatus, p. 

 481, pi. 17, spp. nn., with much other matter relating to the family at large. (Feruss. Bull^ 

 X, 1827, pp. 155-157; Isis, 1830, pp. 1060-1065.) 



