ON LICE PROM THE SOCIETY'S GARDENS. 643 



31. Studies on the Anoplura and Mallopliaga, being- a 

 Beport upon a Collection from the Mammals and 

 Birds in the Society's Gardens. — Part II.* By Bruce 

 F. OuMMiNGS, British Museum (Natural History) f. 



[Received August 4, 1916 : Read November 21, 1916.] 



(Text-figures 1-36.) 



Index. 



Systematic : Page 



Anatoectts , gen. ii 653- 



A. difficilis, sp. n 654, 659 



Neopliilopterus,gen. i\ 660 



Ihidoecus, geii. n 663 



I.flavus, sp. n , 665 



JDnllahella, geii. n 675 



St7-uthiolipeurus, gen. ii 679 



Structure. 



Snodgrass (1), in 1899, pointed out certain broad features of 

 divei^gence in the internal anatomy among the larger divisions 

 of the Mallophaga-, such as the Amblycera, the Isohnocera, and 

 the family Trichodectidse. Recently, Harrison (2) has claimed 

 the existence of a large accessory sac of unknown function in 

 connexion with the male reproductive oigans as the chief and 

 most reliable character for separating the family Boopidaj fi'om 

 all other Mallophaga. In 1910 Mjoberg's sketches of the male 

 reproductive system in several Mallophaga (6) offered the sys- 

 tematist an inducement to compare such organs as the vesicvila 

 seminalis, the ductus ejaculatorius, and the spermatheca, in order 

 to discover the extent of their divergences in different species and 

 genei'a. In the following paper some evidence on this subject 

 is brought forward. So far from there being a monotonous 

 uniformity in these internal organs, the differences are such as 

 no student of these little parasites can afford to neglect. The 

 ultimate systematic value of siich characteis can only be esti- 

 mated after many more dissections ; but whether it be great or 

 small, the considerable difference in the form of the vesicida 

 between the two Owl Philo'pteYi—Philojjierus cehlehrachys and 

 P. cursor, — to take an example, is one which cannot be satis- 

 factorily ignored and which conveniently falls Avithin the province 

 of the systematic writer to record. 



Methods. 



All chitinous parts were studied after hot caustic potash had 

 cleared away the soft parts. For an examination of the soft 



* Part I. appeared in tlie P. Z. S. 1916, p. 253. 



f Published hy permission of the Trustees and communicated by the Seceet^et. 

 [Owing to tlie illness of Mr. Cummings, the final proofs of this paper have been 

 corrected, and the magnifications of the iigures worked out, by the Rev. James 

 Waterstou, B.D., B.Sc, ot the Imperial Bureau of Entomology. — Editor.] 



