TWO NEW TAPEWORMS. 703 



the scolex surrounding the rostellum proper. A highly charac- 

 teristic feature of the genus Cotugnia is emphasised by Fuhrmann 

 in words and in sevei-al drawings. This is the presence of 

 several layers of longitudinal muscles, each of which is divided 

 from the neighbouring layer by transverse fibres. There is, in 

 addition, the usual transverse layer bounding the medullary 

 region of the proglottid on the outside. This, as Fuhrmann has 

 remarked, is a point of likeness to the Acoleidse, and, I may 

 add, to the remarkable genus Dasyiirotcenia^ lately described by 

 myself*. The number of layers of longitudinal bundles is not, 

 according to Fuhrmann, the same for all species of Cotugnia. 

 In a genera.! way, my examination of Cotugnia margareta enables 

 me to confirm Fuhrmann. But my new* species shows certain 

 important differences. In the first place, the aspect of the worm 

 is thin and delicate, which argues a feeble longitudinal muscu- 

 lature ; and this is proved to be a fact by transverse and 

 longitudinal sections. The cortical layer, if this layer is to be 

 regarded as extending inwards so as to include all of the longi- 

 tudinal muscle-bundles, is in the posterior region of the body of 

 rather less diameter than the medullary layer. Anteriorly it is, 

 on the other hand, rather gi'eater. I throw some doubt upon 

 this, the customary delimitation of the cortical and medullary 

 layers, because I cannot find a distinct layer or even single line 

 of transverse fibres separating the inner layer of longitudinal 

 bundles from the medulla. Such a layer is, however, figured by 

 Fuhrmann t. Here and there I do find a single fibre in this 

 situation Avhich may be traced for some distance ; but there is 

 certainly no continuous layer. The innermost layer of longi- 

 tudinal muscles consists of a single row of bundles which are 

 placed at unequal distances from each other and are of unequal 

 sizes, though for the most part much larger than the bundles 

 belonging to this system which occur more superficially. In 

 other species it would appear that this inner layer of bundles 

 consists of more than one row. 



Outside of this inner row of bundles there is an area of rather 

 greater width which is sparsely traversed by transverse fibres, 

 between which lie occasionally here and there a, single longi- 

 tudinal fibre or two or three together — they are not sufficiently 

 numerous to be described as forming a row or layer ; there are 

 in this region no dense rows such as are figured by Fuhrmann in 

 other species of Cotugnia. Outside of this again is the outer row 

 of bundles. These are also irregular in the number of fibres 

 which each bundle contains, and in the distance separating 

 individual bundles. They are, however, on the whole, con- 

 siderably smaller than the bundles of the innermost layer and 

 lie closer together. Between this layer and the subcuticidar 

 layer are a few longitudinal fibres irregularly arranged and 

 sometimes associated two or three together. Transverse fibres 



* P. Z. S. 1912, p. 686, text-fio'. 98. 



t Loc. cif. p, 119, fig. 3-7 & p. 121, fig. 39. 



