WERE THE STOICS UTILITAKTANS? 185 



prosperous." (Spictetns, Disc. T, 4, Higginsor., p. M- ) "Suppose 

 then, I should prove to 3'on that 3'oa are deficieut in what is most 

 necessai'v and important to happiness, and that hitherto you have 

 taken care of everytliing rather tha.n your duty." (lo ii, 14, Hig- 

 ginson, p. 137.) " Shovf me some one who is always happy, for I 

 long to see a Stoic." (do ii, 19 ) '' You were not created to be de- 

 graded or miserable with others, but to be happy with thera. For 

 God made all men to enjoy hnppiness and peace." (do iii, 24, 1.) 

 " Be contented with a sound mind and a happy life." (do iii, 24, 118.) 

 " Our st^-uggle is for prosperity and happiness itself." (do iii, 25.) 

 "You have applied yourself to philosophy oiil.y in name, and l.ave 

 disgraced her principles, as much as you could, by showing that 

 they are unprofitable and useless to those who study them. You 

 have never made peace, triinquillity and equanimity the objpct of 

 your desires." (do iii, 26. 13.) "" Wh;it is the object you should seek 

 except a haj^py life?" (do iv, 4, 4.) '" Be mindful, morning, noon 

 and night, that the only way to hiippiness is this." (do iv, 4, 39.) 

 " Medit.ate upon your actions. YV^hat have I omitted that is con- 

 ducive to happiness? What have I done contrary to the interests 

 of my friends or of my race? (do iv, 6, 35.) '' Ic is better that your 

 servant should be bad than you unhappy." (do Enchiridion xii, 

 Higginson, p. 379.) " To be happy is a good object and in your 

 own power." (do Fragment, six Didot.) "It is better to contract 

 yourself within the compass of a small fortune and be happy, than 

 to liave a great one and be wretched." (do Frag, xxiv, Didot, xxi, 

 Higginson.) 



In the original of the last pas3;ige the verb is tlie one transLited 

 be of good cheer, or be merry, in our Bible, (Acts xxvii, 22 aiid 25; 

 James v., 13.) and corresponding to the adverb rendered cheerfully 

 (Acts xxiv., 10), as well as to the noun selected by Deraocritus, as 

 the mark of the system thence called Euthumism by Miss Cobbe, 

 (Essay on Intuitive Morals, p. 221.) and signifying " the pursuit 

 of virtue for its intrinsic /. e. moral pleasure." In the other quota- 

 tion from Stobffius, and in all those from the third book, the terras 

 are thosg familiar ones, who-ie use b}^ the ancient .idvocates of Util- 

 itarianism, leads j\Ii-3s Cobbe to call that -"ystem Eudaimonism, mean- 

 ing "the pursuit of virtue for the sake of the extrinsic, affectional, 

 intellectual and sensual pleasure resulting from it' (do. p. 219). 

 In other passages, however, is found a word peculiar to the Stoics, 



