174 Wisconsin Academy of Sciences^ Arts, and Leilens. 



course of a few years the bees learned somehow that it was un- 

 necessary to lay up honey as in climates where flowering plants 

 exist only a part of the year, and they became valueless from an 

 economical point of view. Was this due to instinct, or to educa- 

 tion ? If to the latter, is mind involved in the case? I must 

 confess, it seems so to me. 



Take the following anecdote from many hundreds of others 

 of various kinds, in respect to dogs : 



" There is a water mill on the Tweed in Scotland called Max- 

 ■wellhaugh, by the road between Kelso and Trovist. It is driven 

 by a sluice of water from the Trovist, just before it joins the 

 Tweed, and consists of two flats. The upper flat, or story, is on 

 a level with the public road, and is called the " upper mill," while 

 entrance to the lower story was reached by a lath road descending 

 from the highway. The first thing the miller did in the morning 

 was to unchain the dog. The dog immediately placed himself 

 across the upper doorway, while the miller proceeded with his 

 work in the lower mill. As soon as the miller had finished his 

 work there, and removed to the upper mill, the dog, without being 

 told, set off to the miller's house, and in two journeys brought his 

 master's breakfast, — namely, milk in a pitcher and porridge in a 

 ' bicker,' tied up in a towel. 



" On one occasion, when the Trovist and the Tweed were in a 

 flood, a little dog ventured incautiously into the Tweed, and was 

 carried rapidly down the stream, struggling and yelping as it was 

 hurried along. It so happened that the miller's dog, while carry- 

 ing his master's breakfast to him, saw the little dog in distress. 

 He immediately put down his burden, and set off at full gallop 

 down the stream. When he had got well below the drowning 

 dog, he sprung into the river, swam across, and so exactly had he 

 calculated the rapidity of the river and his own speed, that he in- 

 tercepted the little dog as it was being helplessly swept down the 

 current, and brought it safely to land. 



" When he got his .burden safely on shore, the dog, instead of 

 displaying the least affection for it, cuffed it, first with one paw 

 and then with the other, and returned to the spot where he had 

 deposited his master's breakfast and carried it to him, as usual. 



