Wisconsin Kettle Moraine. 227 



5. It is a complex range, the component ridges being of ten ar- 

 ranged in rude parallelism. 



6. A distinction is usually to be observed between the super- 

 ficial and lateral portions of the deposit on the one hand, and the 

 central, underljnng one on the other, the former being chiefly 

 sand and gravel, the latter complex commingled debris. 



7. The superficial sands and gravels are usually stratified in 

 various attitudes, but the core of the range is mainly unstratified. 



8. The irregularities of the range are most conspicuous where 

 the superficial sands and gravels are least abundant. 



9. The material was derived, in part, conspicuously so, from 

 the vicinity of the range, and, in part, from the formations lying 

 backward along the line of drift movement for at least 300 miles. 



10. A portion of the material is spherically rounded, a part is 

 scratched and polished, and some is little affected, though some- 

 times soft or friable, the latter being usually from adjacent for- 

 mations. 



11. The range is tortuous in its course, but sustains a remark- 

 able and significant relationship to the great lake basins. 



12. It undulates over the face of the country, varying at least 

 800 feet in its vertical oscillations. 



18. It does not sustain any uniform relation to present, or what 

 are presumed to have been, preglacial drainage systems in their 

 details. In some portions, it occupies water-partings ; in others, 

 lies on slopes; and in still others, stretches across valleys. 



14. It crosses, in its course, all the indurated formations, from 

 the Laurentian to the Coal measures, but exhibits no specific rela- 

 tion to their strike or dip. 



15. It sustains a definite and most important relationship to the 

 lines of general drift movement. 



16. The range is frequently flanked on its southern, or outer 

 edge, by level areas of sand and gravel, of greater or less extent. 

 These also occur between the component ridges of the belt, and 

 on the inner flank, but less frequently. 



17. The surface contour of the adjacent region within, or north 

 of, the belt, usually, though not invariably, has a less perfect 

 drainage system, and exhibits less noticeably the effects of super- 

 ficial modification, than the outer side. 



