22 Mit. i{. I. rocucK U.N tuk external 



I have not been able to examine in a fresh state the rhinarium 

 of any species of Indrisidfe. 



The muzzle of I'arsius is very diflerent from that of all Lemurs.. 

 The only trace of the rhinarium, if such it can be called, that 

 remains is a narrow rim of naked skin surrounding the nostrils, 

 which are widely separated as in the Platyrrhine Pithecoid 

 Primates. The nose scarcely projects at all, and the muzzle is 

 squarely truncated and deep, and the upper jaw hardly overhangs 

 the lower, so that in profile view the muzzle has a decidedly 

 feline appearance, contrasting markedly with the generally 

 canine appearance of that of the true Lemurs. The long upper 

 lip is undivided and continuously hairy from side to side across 

 the middle line, and its frenum is set higher above the incisor 

 teeth, suggesting that the li]3 is susceptible of partial protrusion 

 after the manner of the lip of the pithecoid Primates, but to a 

 lesser degree (text-figs. 1, E ; 2, A). 



The primitive muzzle of the lemuroid Primates, with its 

 rhinarium and adherent upper lip, is associated with the habit of 

 drinking by means of lapping. The specialised muzzle of the 

 pithecoid Primates with aborted rhinaiium and pi-otrusible 

 upper lip is associated with the habit of diinking by means of 

 suction. But Tarsius, although more resembling the pithecoids 

 in the structure of the muzzle, drinks, it is said, by the lapping 

 method *. This fact is full of interest* in connection Avith the 

 view, supported hy other considerations, that Tarsius links the- 

 Lemuroids and Pithecoids together. 



The Ear t. 



In the species i-eferred to Lemur the pinna of the ear is 

 tolerably uniform in shape and structure. It is small and con- 

 cealed to a greater or less extent by its own hairs and those of 

 the surrounding aiea of the head. Its superior posterior edge is 

 not folded; but the anterior edge of the upper half forms a 

 strong ridge overlapping the anterior end of the simple shelf-like- 

 svipratragus {plica 'princifalis') and descending below it and 

 vanishing in the capsule of the jDinna above and within the 

 small lobate tragus. The antitragus is somewhat larger than 

 the tragus, sometimes much larger {Lemur catta); and the deep- 

 notch between them is approximately on a level with the external 

 auditoiy meatus. The flap of the ear behind tlie antitragus is 

 marked with a depression, the antei-ior and posterior margins of 

 which are respectively the ridge running upwards from the anti- 

 tragus and the adjoining postero-infeiior edge of the pinna. 

 The supratragus, forming the upper boundary of the capsule of 



* H. Cuming', P. Z. S. 1838, p. 67. Mr. Cuining also makes the interesting 

 remark that when any object is put near a Tarsius, the animal " draws up the 

 muscles of the face similar to a Monkey and show its ... . teeth." I have never- 

 seen Lemurs behave in this vi-ay. 



f Described in several types bj' Mivart and Murie, Tr. Zool. Soc. 1872. 



