POLYZOA OF MADEIRA AND NEIGHBOURING ISLANDS. 275 



The PoLYZOA o£ Madeira and neighbouring Islands. 

 By Canon A. M. Norman, M.A., D.C.L., LL.D., F.R.S., F.L.S. 



(Plates 33-42.) 

 [Eead 4th February, 1909.] 



My late friend Mr. J. Yate Johnson was well known on account of his 

 researches into the Fauna and Flora of Madeira, and especially with respect 

 to the Marine Vertebrates and Invertebrates. For fully forty years he 

 collected the Polyzoa, depending chiefly on fishermen who brought to him 

 the refuse from their lines. I am not aware that he ever dredged, but it is 

 not unlikely that the Rev. R. Boog Watson^ when superintending dredging 

 for the sake of the Mollusca, gave him Polyzoa which were procured. 

 From time to time during those forty years Mr. Johnson submitted his 

 specimens for determination and description to Professor George Busk, the 

 Rev. Thomas Hincks, and Mr. Arthur W. Waters ; but shortly before his 

 death he himself published a short paper on a few Cyclostomous species. 

 The following is a list of the literature which relates to the Polyzoa of the 

 Madeiran fauna : — 



Busk (Prof. George). — "Zoopliytolog-y." Quart. Journ. Micros. Sci. vol. vi. 1858, 

 pp. 124-130, pis. 18, 19. 



" On some Madeiran Polyzoa." Ibid. vol. vi. 1858, pp. 261-263, pi. 20. 



" On some Madeiran Polyzoa." Ibid. vol. vii. 1859, pp. 65-69, pis. 22, 23. 



" Catalogue of the Polyzoa collected by J. Y. Johnson, Esq., at Madeira in the 



years 1859 and 1860." Ibid. vol. viii. 1860, pp. 280-285, pi. 31. 



Id. (continited). Ibid. vol. ix. 1861, pp. 77-80, pis. 32, 33. 



Hincks (Rev. Thomas). — "Contributions towards a General History of the Marine 



Polyzoa : I. — The Madeiran Polyzoa." Ann, & Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 5, vol. vi. 



pp. 70-80, pi. 9 & pi. 10. figs. 1-4. 

 Watebs (A. W.).—" Observations on the Membraniporidse." Linn. Soc. Journ., Zool. 



vol. xxvi. 1898, p. 654. In this paper eight species were recorded from Madeira, 



of which four v^ere new to that fauna. 



" Bryozoa from Madeira." Journ. Eoy. Micros. Soc. 1899, pp. 6-16, pi. 3. 



Johnson (J. Yate). — ''New Cyclostomous Bryozoa found at Madeira." Ann. & Mao-. 



Nat. Hist. ser. 6, vol. xx. 1897, p. 60. 



Having been ordered to the south after a very severe illness^ I went to 

 Madeira in March 1897, stayed there ten weeks, and returned in May. 

 Weather permitting, I dredged westwards as far as Praya Formosa, and 

 eastwards to Labra Bay. But my chief work was nearer to Funchal itself. 

 Here I found good ground in the neighbourhood of the coaling-ship, and 

 among the material was the coal which had fallen to the bottom, to which 

 many erect and creeping forms attach themselves. Still richer ground, and 

 that to which I devoted my chief attention, was in 50 to 70 fathoms off the 



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