624 



SCIENCE. 



[N. S. Vol. IV. No. 95. 



strong mineral acid the final products are ortho- 

 phosphoric acid and ammonia. If, however, 

 the action is limited, a series of intermediate 

 acids is formed. Methods were devised for ob- 

 taining these acids in pure condition and a 

 number of their salts were made and studied. 



On Certain Derivatives of Trichlordinitrohenzol : 

 By C. LoEiNG Jackson and W. E. Lamar. 

 The results of an investigation of the behavior 

 of various reagents with tribromdinitrobenzol 

 have been published in this Journal. In the 

 present paper the author compares those re- 

 sults with the ones obtained when trichlordini- 

 trohenzol is used. With aniline the reaction in 

 both cases is similar, the product formed being 

 trianilidodinitrobenzol. When sodic ethylate is 

 used, the replacement of two bromine or two 

 chlorine atoms leads to the formation of simi- 

 lar compounds ; but the replacement of the 

 third does not follow the same rule, nor is the 

 reaction with malonic acid ester similar in the 

 two cases. 



Camphoric Acid : By W. A. Noyes. Results 

 obtained by this author have led him to reject 

 the formula proposed for camphor by Bredt, 

 which is the one most generally accepted, 

 and that proposed recently by Tiemann. The 

 evidence against the latter is found in the 

 fact that the rate of esterification of two com- 

 pounds, which should according to the view of 

 Tiemann be the same, is very different. He 

 has also subjected Armstrong's formula to a 

 synthetic test and finds that his formula for 

 camphor is not true. One of the products ob- 

 tained in the course of this investigation, 

 dihydro-cis-campholytic acid, has been studied 

 by E. B. Harris, and the results are incorpor- 

 ated in this article. 



On Diacid Anilides : By H. L. Wheeler, 

 Diacid anilides may be divided into two classes, 

 the first consisting of those which have identi- 

 cal acid groups, and the second of those with 

 unlike acid groups. The second class have not 

 been obtained by the same methods as the first; 

 but the author of this paper has devised a 

 method for their formation, which consists in 

 treating silver or mercury acid anilides with an 

 aliphatic acid chloride, when the action is 

 similar to the one in which benzoylchloride is 

 used. A number of these mixed diacid anilides 



were prepared and studied. When silver and 

 mercury salts of the amides were used, imido- 

 ethers were formed and not diacidamides, as 

 was expected. 



lodometic Determination of Selenious and Selenic 

 Acids : By J. F. Norris and H. Fay. This 

 method depends on the reaction between sodium 

 thiosulphate and selenious acid in the presence 

 of hydrochloric acid. If the selenious acid in 

 the presence of hydrochloric acid is treated 

 with an excess of sodium thiosulphate, and then 

 titrated back with iodine, very satisfactory re- 

 sults can be obtained. The complete reaction 

 which takes place here is as yet unknown. 

 Selenic acid must be reduced by boiling with 

 hydrochloric acid before the selenium can be 

 determined. Mixtures of the two can be easily 

 analyzed by first determining the selenious acid 

 and then the total after reduction of the selenic 

 acid. J. Elliott Gilpin. 



NEW BOOKS. 



An American Text-Book of Physiology. Edited 

 by William H. Howell. Philadelphia, W. 

 B. Saunders. 1896. Pp. 1052. 



Die Bedingungen der Fortpflanzung bei einigen 

 Algen und Pilzen. Georg Klebs. Jena, Gus- 

 tav Fischer. 1896. Pp. xviii+543. 



Die Morphologie und Physiologie des pflanzlichen 

 Zellkernes. A. Zimmermann. Jena, Gustav 

 Fischer. 1896. Pp. viii+188. 



On Certain Problems of Vertebrate Embryology. 

 John Beard. Jena, Gustav Fischer. 1896. 

 Pp. vi+77. M. 2. 



Evolution of the Art of Music. C. Hubert 

 Parry. New York, D. Appleton & Co. 1896. 

 Pp. x+342. 



Alterations of Personality. Alfred Binet, 

 Translated by Helen Green Baldwin. New 

 York, D. Appleton & Co. Pp. vii+356. 



Number and its Algebra. Arthur Lbfevre. 

 Boston, D. C. Heath & Co. 1896. Pp. 230. 



The Coming Ice Age. C. A. M. Taber. Bos- 

 ton, Geo. H. Ellis. 1896. Pp. 94. 



Genius and Degeneration. William Hirsch. 

 Translated from the second edition of the Ger- 

 man work. New York, D. Appleton & Co. 

 1896. Pp. vi+333. 



