1899.] OBNIS OF SlO PAULO. 515 



specimens from Iguape, Santos, and Sao Sebastiao ; but I see by 

 the newspapers, that some have also been captured on the coast 

 of Espiritu Santo. I observed this Penguin on the coast of Kio 

 Grande do Sul in 1883. The extension of its winter excursions 

 to the coast of Sao Paulo dates back only three or four years. 



The northern element of the Sao Paulo Avifauna is very large, 

 and has been considerably increased by my investigations. 



Prom the littoral zone especially, i. e. Iguape, we have obtained 

 examples of a number of common Bahia birds, not hitherto known 

 to occur in Sao Paulo. These are such species as Donacobius 

 atricapilhis, Dacnis speciosa, Tanagra palmarum, Thryophilus 

 longior, Rhamplioctflus hrasilius, Sy calls jlaveola^ Elainea ixigana, 

 Laihria virussu^ Dendrocinda turdina, Formicivora 7'vfatra, 

 F. ferruginea, F. squamata, EJiampJioccenus melcmurtis, Formicarius 

 colma, Merulaxis rhinolophus, Agyrtria teplirocephala, Pyrrhura 

 leucotis, Urochroma wiedi, Cancroma cochlearia, and Guara rubra. 



As genera of this northern element which are not found 

 southward of the State of Sao Paulo, we may name : — Thryophilus, 

 Donacobius, Khamphocoelus, Capsiempis, Legatus, Myiozetetes, 

 Bhynchocyclus, Conopias, Megarhyndnis, MtLScivora, MyiocJianes, 

 Ptilochloris, Chiromachceris,Neopelma, Hadrostomus,AUila, Philydor, 

 Biatas, Corythopis, Laihria, Dendrocinda, Phamphoccenus, 

 Formicarius, Merulaxis, Florisuga, Nonnula, Jacamaralcyon, 

 BuGco, Urochroma, BusareUus, Buteogallus, Thrasaetus, Leptodon, 

 Anhinga, Scardafella, Crax, Porzana, Porphyriola, Palamedea, 

 Cancroma, and Guara. 



To these may possibly be added Lipaxgus simplex and Pipra 

 leucocilla, mentioned from Sao Paulo without exact localities by 

 Joyner, but not met with by other observers. 



It may be useful to add here the names of species observed by 

 Euler atCantagallo,in the State of Bio, which hitherto have not been 

 observed in Sao Paulo, namely : — Atticora tibialis Cass, (perhaps an 

 erroneous determination), Chlorophanes spiza, Nemosia Jlavicollis, 

 Thlypopsis sordida, Pitylus brasiliensis, Phonipara fuliginosa, Co^-r/- 

 phosp>hingus pileatus, Icterus tibialis, Alectrurus risorius, Eiiscarth- 

 mus limbatus, Phyllomyias griseocapilla, Pipra rubricapilla, Macha- 

 ropterus regulus, Cotinga cincta, Calyptura cristata, Picolaptes 

 squamatus, Thamnophili doliatus, palliatus, torquatus, and ambi- 

 guus, Myrmotherula melanogaster and M. brevicauda, Terenura 

 maculata, Myrmeciza loricata, Percnostola fimebris, Conopophaga 

 melanops, Glaucis hirsuta, Hylocliaris cyanea, Pygmornis pygmceus, 

 Prymnacantha langsdorffi, Chloronerpes brasiliensis, Dendrobates 

 macidifrons, Chelidoptera tenebrosa brasiliensis, Neom,orphus geoffroyi, 

 Chrysotis farinosa, Asturina nitida, Morphnus guyanensis, Harpayus 

 bidentatus, Falco aurantius, and Crypturus pileatus. 



It is possible that some of these species may occur in the littoral 

 zone of Sao Paulo also : but many of them are certainly absent 

 there, as, for example, Cotinga cincta and Pipra rubricilla. Trogon 

 aurantius of Eio and Northern Brazil is in Sao Paulo replaced by 



